2. ECOLOGICAL CHANGE Objectives: 1.How do ecosystems change by the process of succession? 2.What are biomes? 3.Describe the climax community in each of the 6 land biomes of the world

3. ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION Process in which one community is gradually replaced by another Pioneer community – the first community to enter an area Climax community – the final or most stable community in an area

4. BIOME Areas with similar climates and ecological communities Biomes can be aquatic (water) or terrestrial (land) classified by temperature, amount of rainfall, and characteristic plant and animal life

6. AQUATIC BIOMES BiomeDescriptionPlants/Animals Fresh waterNo salt Ponds, lakes, rivers, streams Algae, lily pads, trout, frogs, ducks, leeches Salt water (marine)Salty Oceans, seas Algae, kelp, starfish, whales, sea bass, sharks, octopus … EstuaryBrackish (partially salty) may vary throughout the year Swamps, bays, wetlands Cattails, swamp grass, algae, muskrats, alligators, catfish, heron, …

7. TERRESTRIAL BIOMES BiomeDescriptionPlants/Animals Tundra Polar regions, artic, antarctic, extreme cold temperatures, permafrost (frozen ground), little rainfall Lichen (symbiotic algae and fungus), polar bear, fox, … Coniferous (Taiga) Long cold season, few warm months, average rainfall, most of Canada Pines, hardy shrubs, moose, deer, migratory birds … Deciduous Seasonal temperature variations, average rainfall, new York state Pines, firs, deciduous trees, variety of deer, ducks, rabbits, squirrels, snakes, toads … Rainforest Higher temperatures, significant rainfall, vegetation occurring in layers Lush forests, ferns, bromeliads, monkeys, frogs, salamanders, tucan, leopard, snakes, … Grasslands Wide open spaces, minimal rainfall with periodic droughts Grasses, rodents, prairie dogs, buffalo, … Desert Very little rainfall, extreme daily temperature fluctuations, predominately sand and rock Cacti, dry weeds, reptiles, insects …