1. Earth Science Vocabulary

2. Weathering The breaking down of rock on the Earth’s surface

3. Volcano A mountain made from hardened lava, rocks, and ash

4. Magma Melted rock below the Earth’s surface

5. Lava Magma that has flowed out of the surface of the Earth

6. Fault A crack in the surface of the Earth

7. Earthquake The movement of the Earth’s crust along a fault

8. Glacier A huge piece of ice that slowly moves across the surface of the Earth

9. Rotation The spinning of a planet or moon on its axis

10. Orbit The path one object takes around another object in space

11. Moon Motions The moon rotates on its axis and revolves around the earth. Pattern: 1 rotation & 1 revolution = about the same amount of time = about 28 days. This is called a LUNAR CYCLE The same side of the moon ALWAYS faces the earth! The moon DOES NOT make it’s own light, it reflects light from the Sun. The moon rotates on its axis and revolves around the earth. Pattern: 1 rotation & 1 revolution = about the same amount of time = about 28 days. This is called a LUNAR CYCLE The same side of the moon ALWAYS faces the earth! The moon DOES NOT make it’s own light, it reflects light from the Sun.

12. Diagram of the moon phases…

13. Galaxies A galaxy is a group of between 1 million & 1 trillion stars. Our sun and solar system are part of the Milky Way Galaxy. The Milky Way Galaxy appears differently from different positions. The nearest galaxy to the Milky Way is so far away that the light from it takes almost 2 million years to reach Earth! A galaxy is a group of between 1 million & 1 trillion stars. Our sun and solar system are part of the Milky Way Galaxy. The Milky Way Galaxy appears differently from different positions. The nearest galaxy to the Milky Way is so far away that the light from it takes almost 2 million years to reach Earth!

14. Inexhaustible Resources Resources that humans can use and never use up

15. Renewable Resources Resources that can be produced again

16. Non-renewable Resources Resources that can be used up and not replaced - Fossil fuels (oil, coal, and natural gas)

17. Rock Cycle

18. Igneous Rock Rock formed when lava cools

19. Sedimentary Rock Rock formed when sediment press together

20. Metamorphic Rock Rock formed when another rock undergoes heat and pressure

21. The Water Cycle Precipitation Condensation Water Vapor Evaporation Powered by the Sun’s heat! Run off or Groundwater

22. Fresh Water 1. streams 2. rivers 3. lakes 4. ponds 5. glaciers 6. ice 7. groundwater 8. aquifers Fresh Water 1. streams 2. rivers 3. lakes 4. ponds 5. glaciers 6. ice 7. groundwater 8. aquifers

23. Weather Weather is the condition of the atmosphere in a certain place at a certain time.

24. Weather Systems & Maps