1. UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI CAGLIARI Dipartimento Ingegneria del Territorio MECHANICAL AND CHEMICAL RELIABILITY OF MINE WASTE MATERIAL FOR ROAD EMBANKMENT AND SUBGRADE S. PORTAS, M. CONI, F. MALTINTI, A. LIPPI, F. PISANU 2011 TRB Waste Management & Resource Efficiency Workshop "Sustainability and Liability in Transportation" July 25th - 27th, 2011 in Portland, Oregon UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI CAGLIARI Dipartimento Ingegneria del Territorio

2. OUTLINE Introduction Scope Experimental studies Results Summary

3. INTRODUCTION Alternative materials Availability Material type Environmental safe Leaching properties Mechanical properties Laboratory tests In site validation Guide lines Construction procedures Controls

4. SCOPE Evaluate chemical properties Study mechanical behaviour Laboratory Experimental embankment Develop guidelines

5. COAL MINE DEBRIS Coal mining by-products: Large quantities of residual wastes most part earth- or rock-like in nature. 50% of the estracted material Chemical Composition: Sedimentary rocks SiO2 40-70% Al2O3, small quantities of Fe2O3, K2O e Na2O Small amount of coal(10-20%)

6. TEST ORGANIZATION Leaching tests Laboratory In situ Grading test Quality tests Los Angeles Bearing capacity CBR Index LFWD Static Plate Improvement tests Chemical stabilization

7. HARMFUL COMPOUNDS CHEMICAL PARAMITERS U.M. S.S. measured Limits D.L: 152/2006 MinMax AB (As)mg/kg < 11,4 2050 (Sb)mg/kg < 17,7 1030 (Be)mg/kg < 1 210 (Cd)mg/kg < 0,5< 1 215 (Co)mg/kg < 14,12 20250 (Cr)mg/kg 7,2643,4 150800 (Cr IV)mg/kg < 0,5< 1 215 (Hg)mg/kg < 0,5< 1 15 (Ni)mg/kg 32,1249,41 120500 (Pb)mg/kg 7,9631,95 1001000 (Cu) totalmg/kg 23,8138,24 120600 (Se)mg/kg < 1 315 (Sn)mg/kg < 1 1350 (V)mg/kg 43,6763,55 90250 Zinco (Zn)mg/kg 42,161,57 1501500 No potenzial risk

8. LABORATORY TESTS 41,80%44,00%37,47%36,48%36,79%38,02% Grading curve LA tests CBR

9. IN SITU TESTS Experimental Embankment Leaching test Plate test (MPa/m)MinMax(MPa)MinMax LFWD5762Static4370

10. SUMMARY Low concentration harmful compounds good quality for embankment and subgrade Mechanical behaviour improved with stabilization

11. THANK YOU QUESTIONS?