1. ICT - Poverty Onno W. Purbo Onno@indo.net.id A Common Indonesian

2. References http://sandbox.bellanet.org/~onno/ http://www.apjii.or.id/onno/ Mailing List wifi4d@yahoogroups.com

3. Disclaimer.. I am a trained Engineer, not an economist nor a social scientist I tend to simplify things & may be wrong Some thought may be too extreme Consider this as an on going research work

4. Acknowledgment.. Thank you IDRC, CERN, UNDP etc Thank you to my friends Basuki Suhardiman, Donny BU, Bona, Donny, Adi, Noor etc.. Who _voluntarily_ work hard to help the community.

5. Many Alternatives for ICT4PR

6. Basic Prinsiples Consume  Produce Supply Driven  Demand Driven Public  Private Community / Mass Education is the key strategic element.

7. Lots of stories in Indonesia.. Conglomerates economy collapse.. Leaving US$ billion debt & corrupt gov’t Informal sector & SME based economy ICT is one of the media to speed up transactions..

8. After 10+ Years … 4+ Million Indonesian Internet Users 2500+ WiFi outdoor installations 2000+ CyberCafes 1500+ schools on the Internet 1000+ Community Radio Not much gov’t funding & support No World Bank, no IMF funding Mostly self-finance

9. Keywords for Success Education! Education! Education.. Encourage knowledge producer Knowledge Sharing To Make Things Difficult No Money, Self-Finance.. Sustainable Process Bottom up Community based Development

10. Knowledge Cycle

11. Stereotyping Poor Communities

12. The Typical ICT Technology Community Radio

13. The Typical ICT Technology Internet & Computer

14. Some Real Examples

15. Community Broadcasting Source Basuki Suhardiman Basuki@itb.ac.id

16. Community Radio Network in Indonesia Farmer’s Voice Radio Network (JRSP) Fishermen’s Voice Radio Net (JRSN) Worker Voice Radio Network Ina’ Community Radio Net (JRKI) West Java Jakarta

17. Community Radio Policy Build their Own Radio (FM) Collect money together to build their radio The Gov has released the act/regulation no 32 year 2002 for broadcasting Community radio has been included Only 3 channels allocated

18. Farmer’s Radio Network (JSRP) Start on 1999 Mostly on West Java Region Lead by Mrs. Ida Hidayat (shown in Fig. With Mr. Dadang owner of Radio Citra Utami FM Cianjur) 600 community radios Using FM radio with Height of antenna max 30 meter Max power 100 watt ERP Max bandwidth 350 Khz Max 36 Km2 coverage area (6Kmx6Km) Typical content Information Education Entertainment

19. Grass Root Movement

20. Community Based WiFi + VoIP Infrastructure

21. Two (2) Main Technologies WiFi – for outdoor usage! VoIP

22. Main Features “Low Cost” US$150-200 / WiFi node. US$10-50 / phone line (dep on config) Operating cost US$400/16-60 line/ month Many Open Source

23. Cost …. 24 Hour Connected to the Internet Ref: http://sandbox.bellanet.org/~onno/ Neighborhood Net Infrastructure Investment US$80-100/house Operating US$15-30/house/month VoIP Infrastructure US$25-35/handset vs. US$1000/handset by Telco. Operating US$15-25/month unlimited (including unlimited long distance calls)

24. Education is Key!

25. Comp. Lab. For Street Children Source: Donny BU dbu@ictwatch.com

26. Used Equipments

27. Children Happy …

28. We do more.. Give free talks on Internet in schools Currently 1500+ schools on Internet 24.000+ high schools in Indonesia Mostly Self-Finance Some support Vocational School Director MoE Investment US$2000-US$4000/school 50 cents/student/month – RoI ~1 Year Movement for WiFi City WAN for School in 5 Cities. We are looking at million Indonesian Future Generation ICT Literate Self-Finance

29. What you can do.. Education! Education! Education.. Encourage knowledge producer in local lang. Facilitate Knowledge Sharing Replication & Scaling up process through word-of- mouth / tacit knowledge exchange. Make Sure Stop Gov’t Repressive Actions Liberate community radios & TV Liberate WiFi bands & VoIP for community infrastructure. Note that most implementation & operations may be community based + self-finance

30. The catch.. Partnership with Informal (sometimes underground) Visionary Leaders in the country / area. WARNING: It would be difficult to find one through formal channels.