1. Music and Worship I.References II.Technical Development A. Musicology B. Beauty C. Physiology of Music III.Biblical Development A. Directive/Descriptive/Principle B. Textual Exposition IV.Sacred Music—Standards and Hymnody V.FAQs VI.Summary/Conclusion

2. Standards A.Content B.Arrangement C.Instrumentation

3. Arrangement A.Melodious B.Complementary of Content C.Edifying (vs. Entertaining) D.Emotions-sanctifying (vs. Emotions-indulging/inciting/inflaming)

5. Arrangement A.Melodious B.Complementary of Content C.Edifying (vs. Entertaining) D.Emotions-sanctifying (vs. Emotions-indulging/inciting/inflaming)

6. “The affections and passions are frequently spoken of as the same, and yet in the more common use of speech, there is in some respect a difference. Affection is a word that in the ordinary signification, seems to be something more extensive than passion, being used for all vigorous lively actings of the will or inclination, but passion for those that are more sudden, and whose effects on the animal spirits are more violent, and the mind more over powered, and less in its own command. “The affections are no other than the more vigorous and sensible exercises of the inclination and will of the soul.” pp. 26-27

7. “'Affections,' on the other hand, involve the mind. They arise as a result of some sort of cognitive understanding of truth. They are not immediate but developed. They are not merely surface level physical responses; they support the intellect. Affections are so important to develop because we need noble affections to keep our passions in check. Without biblical affections, passions will always win over the mind.” pg. 53 “'Passions' are surface-level feelings that are merely physical, chemical responses to some sort of stimulus. Blushing when embarrassed, experiencing 'butterflies' in your stomach, or 'goose bumps' are examples of such passionate responses. Passions include things like fear, anger, sentimentalism, sexual drive, and appetite. They are not wrong, but they are not the measure of true spiritual response to truth and should never be allowed to control us. Whenever a person is controlled by his gut, his passions, he will fail to do what is right...

8. Mike Coyle “Music: Is There and Absolute?” Baptist Bulletin ( April 1983 ), pg. 10 “[Not] all emotions are good ones. Surely man and his emotions were created in the image of God, but man has fallen, and with him has gone the purity with which he was created. Hate, when directed at sin, is good and acceptable. But when directed at a brother in Christ, it is sin. Anger is unacceptable except when the one who is angry is not sinning. An emotion like lust is never right. It is an adulteration of God-given emotion. Since music is an emotional language, and since some emotions are wrong for the child of God, then some music is wrong for the Christian.”

9. Allan BloomThe Closing of the American Mind, pg. 73. “…rock music has one appeal only, a barbaric appeal, to sexual desire—not love, not eros, but sexual desire undeveloped and untutored. Rock gives children, on a silver platter, with all the public authority of the entertainment industry, everything their parents always used to tell them they had to wait for until they grew up and would understand later.”

10. David Crosby1981 interview by Rolling Stones Magazine: “I figured the only thing to do was to swipe their kids. I still think it’s the only thing to do. By saying that, I’m not talking about kidnapping. I’m just talking about changing the value system, which removes them from their parents’ world very effectively.”

11. “The wrong kind of music can drag you down. The right kind of music can build you up and cause your mind and heart to reflect on God’s goodness. The wrong kind of music can weigh heavily on your emotions without your conscious awareness. It can cause your thoughts to reflect the world’s philosophy. The right kind of music, in the character of its sound alone, has the ability to teach you about the Lord and allow your thoughts to dwell on Him. ‘Blessed is the people that know the joyful sound: they shall walk, O Lord, in the light of thy countenance’ (Ps 89:15).” pg. 21

12. Anne Rosenfeld“Music, the Beautiful Disturber,” Psychology Today, pg. 54 “Musical rhythms affect both our hearts and our brains. One road to arousing a range of agitated feelings—tense, excited, sometimes sexual—is through pronounced and insistent rhythms,…artfully used to heighten sexual tension….drumming may produce these powerful effects by actually driving the brain’s electrical rhythms.”

13. “If pop music is consciously striving for a physical impact, what is the result when used to communicate spiritual truths? The answer is simple. Spiritual truths are diluted and reduced to a physical experience. The listener is hoodwinked into believing he had a spiritual encounter when in reality that experience was only physical. Of greater concern is that such an experience is not only physical, but, according to … many … writers, sensual.” p 140

14. “People have long used music to express what is inexpressible in words, and all music serves the function of stimulating, expressing, and showing emotion….All music, whether or not a love song, expresses emotion and evokes emotion within us. When that music is shared with others, the listeners are invited to empathize with the composer’s experience and emotions and add their own….Listening to music helps you hear and understand another’s emotional experiences.” pp. 173-174.