1. Ch. 13

2.  Sagittal:  Vertical plane from front to back  Divides left and right  Transverse:  Horizontal plane  Divides upper and lower  Coronal/Frontal:  Vertical plane  Divides front/back or anterior/posterior

3.  Anterior: in front of  Posterior: in back of  Superior: above  Inferior: below  Distal: further from center of body  Proximal: closer to center of body  Medial: towards the midline  Lateral: away from the midline

4.  Mechanism of Injury (MOI): mechanical description of the cause of injury  How did it happen  Symptom (Sx): change that indicates injury/disease  Subjective/described by patient  Sign (Sx): Indicator of a disease  Objective/observable

5.  Abduction: move away from midline of body  Adduction: move towards midline of body  Eversion: turning outward  Inversion: turning inward  Extension: to straighten joint  Flexion: to bend joint

6.  Internal Rotation: rotary motion towards midline  External Rotation: rotary motion away from midline  Pronation: sole or palm is rotated downward  Supination: sole or palm is rotated upward

7.  Valgus: deviation of distal part of joint away from midline  Varus: deviation of distal part of joint towards midline

8.  Active Range of Motion (AROM):  Motion w/ muscle contraction  Passive Range of Motion (PROM):  Motion w/ no muscle contraction; performed completely by examiner

9.  What is the difference between distal and proximal?  What is the difference between medial and lateral?  What is the difference between pronation and supination?  What is the difference between AROM and PROM?