1. Who worked with flinches to develop his theory?

2. Charles Darwin

3. What is speciation?

4. The formation of new species due to the accumulation of mutations

5. What is it called when 2 species are evolving side by side?

6. Co-evolution

7. What were Darwin’s two main points of Evolution and what did the two points mean?

8. 1.Natural Selection Some living thing are more suitable or better for survival 2.Descent with Modification An organism slowly accumulates mutation over million of years 1. 2.

9. What is it called when the genes are available to the population?

10. Gene Pool

11. What is the difference between gradualism and punctuated equilibrium?

12. Gradualism the slow accumulation of mutation over time Punctuated equilibrium When organisms stay stable for long periods of time. Then, there is a short amount of time while there is a major change when organisms mutate Then, they stay in that phase for a long time once again.

13. Who observed the amount of time that affected mountains, rivers, landforms and masses?

14. Charles Lyell

15. Who observed that people produce many children, but we don’t use all our natural resources?

16. Thomas Malthus

17. Who wrote up his findings and sent them to Darwin only to find they both had very similar observations?

18. Alfred Wallace

19. What are the remains of an animal that no longer in existence?

20. FOSSILS

21. What is the chronological “story” showing the life of animals, plants, humans?

22. FOSSIL RECORD

23. If you no longer exist and your type has died out, what are you?

24. EXTINCT

25. A structure that looks the same but does different things?

26. Homologous Structures

27. A structure that looks different but does the same thing?

28. Analogous Structures

29. What is a structure that an organism once used but no longer uses?

30. Vestigial Structures

31. Natural and expected differences in a population?

32. Variation

33. Natural Selection VS. Artificial Selection

34. Natural selection Where the organisms survive or don’t survive based on survival of the fittest Artificial Selection Where it permits organisms to live even though they would not have if left up to nature and visa versa

35. What is pesticides and antibiotics?

36. Antibiotic overuse will cause things such as medications to not work in the future because organisms adapt to them called natural variation Pesticides work in a similar way, farmers use them on crops

37. What are the different types of isolation and what do they do?

38. Geographic Isolation Where the location is difficult to breed Reproductive Isolation Where two individual are not on the same reproductive cycle such as skunks Behavioral Isolation Where a physical action that either separates or keeps the females from being interested in the males such as the cranes’ dance

39. What are the types of evolution?

40. Divergent Evolution 2 or more organism that started out together on a similar path but later on they go into different paths Convergent Evolution Organisms start at different point but they come together with similar features million of years later. Parallel Evolution 2 or more organisms evolve along a specific pathway but don’t share a common ancestor

41. What will I get from doing something vs. What will happen to me if I get caught

42. Cost- benefit analysis

43. What is it called when there is a change in the gene pool from generation to generation?

44. Genetic Drift

45. What are the types of selection?

46. Stabilizing Selection Get rid of extremes and chooses the average Directional Selection An extreme favors over other extreme Disruptive Selection Favors both extremes at the same time

47. What gas did not exist in the world until the first organism on Earth did what?

48. Oxygen did not exist in the world until the anaerobic (did not breath oxygen) gave off the oxygen as by-products. Therefore, oxygen became a part of the atmosphere after million of years

49. What is a adaptive radiation?

50. Nature hates an area void of life such as a vacuum. Therefore, if there is the possibility of life, there will be life.

51. What hypothesis developed how organism evolved from simple to more complex organism?

52. Endosymbiotic Theory

53. Who used water vapor, volcanic gases combined with electricity to create amino acids?

54. Miller and Urey

55. What is it called when the results of a natural disaster limits the gene pool and the organisms that survive are the “founders” of the next generation?

56. Genetic Bottleneck and The Founder Effect