1. Methodological aspects using criminalistics methods in practice.
plk. Doc. JUDr. Jozef METEŇKO, PhD.
Head
Chair of criminalistics and forensic science Departement,
Akadémia PZ v Bratislave

2. 1 Criminalistics – key words
Criminalistics is a science
With a relatively longer history,
With generally accepted and tried methods,
Stabile community of scientists,
Even outside criminalistics itself with recognized results.
subject,
object,
methods,
system,
relation of criminalistics to other sciences, especially law and police sciences. ...

3. 2 CRIMINALISTIC trace CRIMINALISTIC TRACES (in matter)
Kind of change in reality = information, indicated existence some concrete entity- object.
They are
changes in matter,
dependent on case to examination
whitch are examinated with
criminalistics methods.
CRIMINALISTIC TRACES (in matter)
in solid + fields? and in memory

4. difference „kriminalistics / forensic“
„kriminalistics / forensic : remarkable similarity with different titles
is a significant difference or even antagonism between the concept of ‘forensic’ and the concept of ‘criminalist’?
Is this issue merely theoretical or has it got a practical impact?
Does a possible concord or difference in content have any particular consequences?

5. Forensic research as a „way to criminalist research “?
Criminalistics content – criminalistics and „non criminalistics methods“ in  criminalistics?
Forensic research as a „way to criminalist research “?
Science and its content, structure, signs…,
first of all subject and its object of research ,
 the methods and techniques of research ,

6. 2 Forensic sciences – key words
Forensic sciences are a group of sciences
forensic = judicial forensic psychology, forensic medicine, forensic psychiatry
with a completely different history,
methods typical for so called primary sciences,
narrowly specialized community of scientists,
Even outside the individual sciences with recognized results = identically with criminalistics
They have a different :
subject,
object,
methods,
system,
relation of criminalistics to other sciences, especially law and police sciences.

7. 3 Requirements for the methods of criminalistics
The system of scientific methods must meet
the defined criteria.
For a criminalist method at all these are:
It does not contradict the legislation in force
– an extracriminalist criterion
Has scientific grounds,
Is tried by criminalist practice,
Is accepted by criminalist practice.
The criminalist methods have a relatively stabile character,
the processes of their application
(known as techniques, technologies, methods of application)
are quite varied.

8. 4 The system of criminalistics methods -distribution:
Their origin - general,(observation, comparison, measurement)
special – adopted, (from other sciences)
specific, (original from criminalistic)
The type of researched objects
– examination and identification of persons,
– examination and identification of things,
– mixed,
– other objects of non-defined kind, - ‘boundary, marginal or even forensic’

9. 4 The system of criminalist methods following to objects*traces:
Mass nature of criminalist traces
material (microtraces, a.o.),
field,
memory,
Selected system of criminalistics -
technique, (partly alike forensics)
tactics, .. (used more alike investigative)
according to other………………..

10. 4 The system of criminalist methods following to objects*traces:
criminalistics technic (sources - natural science, technical science
mass nature of criminalist traces,
material (microtraces, a.o.),
field,
other as supported methods.
criminalistics tactics, (sources - social science, technical science)
memory traces (records)

11. 4 criminalist methods technical :
Methos for examination and identification persons
Criminalistics odorology (as origin)
Criminalistics daktyloscopy *fingerprinting
Criminalistics persons-objects portrait
Criminalistics handwriting
Criminalistics examination of language skills and communication.
Criminalistics fonoscopy, voice&oth. analyses.
Criminalistics antropology
Criminalistics biology & toxicology

12. 4 criminalist methods technical :
Methos for examination and identification things&other solid.mass objects
Criminalistics ballistics ... firearms, explosive
Criminalistics mechanoskopy * Tool Marks exam.
Criminalistics microtraces and fibres
Criminalistics chemistry & toxicology
Criminalistics examination paper records and documents
Criminalistics examination types writemachines
Criminalistics photography

13. 4 criminalist methods technical :
Methods for examination and identification mixed objects
Criminalistics fonoscopy
Criminalistics antropology
Criminalistics biology & toxicology
Criminalistics trasology
Methods in evolution and not strict classify
Criminalistics informatics –digital traces (fieldstraces) / cybernetic / informations and registrations systems Except.....(metallography, diagnostika, electrical engineering examination, ...

14. 4 criminalist methods tactics:
memory traces (records) examinated methods
Interrogating (Befragung)
Verification of Interrogating on the place (Überprüfung desAussage auf dem Platz)
Rekognition (Recognition)
Patly:
Criminalistic experiment (Experiment).
Reconstruction (Rekonstruktion)
confrontation(Konfrontation)

15. 4 criminalist methods tactics:
other as supported methods.
visual inspection (Beschauung)
searching (Überholung)
criminalistic versions
Out of crim methods - planning, organize and management crime scene and crime examination, crim. expertise,
informations and registrations systems
In police science inquiry and arresting 

16. 5 practical consequensis follow distribution of criminalist methods
Who is expert ? Criminalistic-forensic ?
Partly in law regulation
Rules in the secondary acts and regulations too
Major impact from clerks ministri of justice
Correctly formulated education/preparation and clear examination conditions (contet, duration, )
Influence methods distribution
If methods are in theory - Criminalistics textbooks, are aplicated in law regulation (1,2)
If identical methods are in criminalistic and in forensic science too, law regulation (1,2) is complicated, and get on clerc authority (3)
–digital traces (fieldstraces) / cybernetic / informations and registrations systems Except.....(metallography, diagnostika, electrical engineering examination, ...

17. 5 practical consequensis follow distribution of criminalist methods
Influence methods content
Are diferencies in theory - Criminalistic -Forensic textbooks, (problem 4)
are Methods in evolution and not strict classify and valueted, (problem 4)
New and not full accepted methods - digital traces (fieldstraces) / informations and registrations systems, metallography, docementatin, ... (problem 4)

18. Plk. Doc. JUDr. Jozef METEŇKO, PhD.
Katedra kriminalistiky a forenzných disciplín
Akademia PZ Bratislava
tlf , 501
Mobil .

19. Digital trace and methods of their examination – are they of criminalist or forensic nature?
“Report of the Section of Scientists of Criminalist Technology and Information Science on the Meeting of the Board of Scientists of the Criminal Expertise Institute of the Police Force Slovakia in March 2006”
- standard working processes, as well as binding working instructions, have been developed and validated,
have been validated by circle tests of a group of workers, as well as by the Criminalist Institutes of the Triad (Slovakia, Czech Republic, Poland).

21. 2 KRIMINALISTICKÉ STOPY
druh zmeny, ktorá nasvedčuje o existencii nejakého konkrétneho objektu .
len
materiálne zmeny, ktoré
súvisia s udalosťou zadanou na skúmanie a zároveň ich
dokáže kriminalistika skúmať vlastnými
kriminalistickými metódami.
Kriminalistické stopy (materiálne)
Látkové a Poľa ?a pamäťové
(Krajník osobitne mikrostopy)

22. 3 KRIMINALISTICKÉ SKÚMANIE
skúmanie v oblasti kriminalistickej taktiky – výraznejšie spojenej s pragmatizmom trestného práva procesného
Častejšie sa používa pojem kriminalisticko-technické skúmanie
Kriminalistické skúmanie
zisťovanie zhodných znakov kriminalistickej stopy a skúmaného objektu
Vzťah: kriminalistické skúmanie a kriminalistická identifikácia
= Hľadanie vzťahu kriminalistickej stopy a konkrétneho objektu, ktorý ju vytvoril je procesnou stránkou kriminalistiky

23. 5 SYSTÉM KRIMINALISTIKY :
autori učebníc kriminalistiky
Základné atribúty delenia:
delenia kriminalistických stôp,
delenia špeciálne kriminalistických metód
Kriminalistická technika skúma kriminalistické stopy látkové niekedy poľa (Stoffspuren /physikalischefeldspuren.
Kriminalistická taktika skúma kriminalistické stopy pamäťové (Erinnerungspuren).