1. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 1 Central R&D at Danfoss Operation Innovation Claus Thybo RA-DP January 2006

2. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 2 RA Growth and Innovation Drivers Market Development (MD) Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) Research and Development (R&D)

3. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 3 Agenda - Strategy and mission - RA-D’ s R&D activities - Identify future fields of interest - The control group - Fault detection and diagnosis

4. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 4 We contribute to RA´s medium and longterm development: Run projects on new technologies relevant for RA’s business areas. Maintain and renew a selection of RA´s core competencies and knowledge. R&D networking with customers, knowledge centres and organisations. Central R&D Staff and ”2001 Mission”

5. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 5 Studies Idea Generation Universities Idea Project Idea-project transformer Concept Idea Interaction with BUs Patent evaluation Confer- ences Market feedback RA-D Seen as a Think Tank…

6. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 6 Concept Idea Secure freedom of action Transfer to BU‘s Support RA decision taking Customer support Represent Danfoss as technology leader Expert -ise Patent Know how … and some Outcome Examples

7. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 7 Agenda - Strategy and mission - RA-D’ s R&D activities - Identify future fields of interest - The control group - Fault detection and diagnosis

8. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 8 Activity Master Plan – Stages & Interaction BU RA-D Prototyping Product Development Market Introduction N1/N2N5 Transfer Start of Investigation Conclusion of Investigation Conclusion of Prototyping Start of Transfer Introduction of Product Investigation Involvement Continuous interaction between RA-D and BUs is important

9. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 9 Agenda - Strategy and mission - RA-D’ s R&D activities - Identify future fields of interest - The control group - Fault detection and diagnosis

10. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 10 Today’s Technology Development Drivers Environmentally friendly technology Reduction of cost promising R&D should be ”in the middle”… Increase of energy efficiency

11. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 11 Agenda - Strategy and mission - RA-D’ s R&D activities - Identify future fields of interest - The control group - Fault detection and diagnosis

12. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 12 Scope of work - rules of the game Strong focus on control engineering We work together with international knowledge centers We are technology and application focused – We don’t take product responsibility! Our job is to make surveys of new control theory and transform promising results to prototype applications We try to work with scalable technology to provide technology for both low- cost and more complex products

13. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 13 Control Engineering tasks -what we are working with Automated commissioning Fault detection and diagnosis Dynamic optimizing control Set-point optimization

14. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 14 Agenda - Strategy and mission - RA-D’ s R&D activities - Identify future fields of interest - The control group - Fault detection and diagnosis

15. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 15 Fault Detection and Diagnosis in Refrigeration Systems - A Summary of the Latest Results Claus Thybo, M.Sc. Ph.D Danfoss A/S Central R&D Refrigeration and Air- conditioning Nordborg, Denmark E-mail: thybo@danfoss.comthybo@danfoss.com Roozbeh Izadi-Zamanabadi M.Sc. PhD Aalborg University Department of Control Engineering Aalborg, Denmark E-mail: riz@control.auc.dkriz@control.auc.dk

16. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 16 Objective To detect and diagnose the most important faults in a typical (European) supermarket refrigeration system.

17. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 17 The approach Investigate a typical European supermarket refrigeration system Focus on the most important faults Deriving detectors by using the analytical redundancy The results Detection of … Fan faults Frost build-up Flash-gas Condenser dirt build-up Internal compressor leakage

18. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 18 A Typical European Supermarket Refrigeration System Evaporator model Residual

19. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 19 A Typical European Supermarket Refrigeration System Condenser model Residual

20. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 20 Diagnosis Cause of Fault Detector Symptom

21. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 21 Conclusion We have shown that we can detect and diagnose the most important faults in an typical European supermarket refrigeration system. The first product with automatic fault diagnosis features was released in 2004. We are releasing more products with fault diagnosis capabilities as an integrated feature. AK2 – PC Intelligent pack controller with fault detection

22. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 22

23. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 23

24. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 24 Detection of flash-gas Minutes

25. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 25 Detection of frost build-up Minutes..

26. R E F R I G E R A T I O N A N D A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G 26