1. Design Studies 1A STRUCTURES

2. Structural Analysis & Design l analyse a structure l design a structure 2/13 l given a structure, determine whether it is satisfactory l given some requirements, come up with a structure that satisfies those requirements

3. Design Problem l many solutions l ill-defined l problem conceptual – solution concrete 3/13

4. DESIGN PROBLEM (cont) l given l requirements a) span over an object - sets spatial requirements b) carry given load - sets structural requirements a) materials – straws, string and adhesive tape b) time 4/13

5. Problem Formulation l required properties l purpose - function a) allow object to pass through b) support a load a) clear span - height and width before and after load b) stability c) strength 5/13

6. Design l what is the answer? l how to achieve required properties? that is the question suitable arrangement of suitable elements = structure 6/13

7. Considerations modes of failure a) stiffness - functional b) stability didn’t allow for unsymmetrical loads c) strength didn’t allow object through before or after deformations too large mechanism not structure led to collapse through toppling, overturning elements broke bending of beams, buckling of supports 7/13

8. Knowledge Required l loads and supports l types - load paths l beams, trusses, arches, cables, l types of structures l precedents l bridges, bookshelves, floors, roofs, …. l actions and reactions 8/13

9. Knowledge Required (cont.) l equilibrium / stability l moments - types of joints - topology l modes of failure l compression, tension, bending, shear, buckling l material behaviour l stress and strain l section properties l shape and size 9/13

10. Simple Structural System general principles 10/13

11. Designing the Structure l same as any act of designing l select suitable elements l locate elements l provide necessary relationships achieve required performance overall system 11/13

12. Relationships of Elements stability 12/13

13. Topology and Geometry l many different types of elements l many ways to position elements l many ways to relate elements explore these over 3 years 13/13

14. Topology and Geometry 14/14 ● same topology – different geometry ● same geometry – different topology ● different geometry – different topology