1. Program Name or Ancillary Texteere.energy.gov BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES PROGRAM Benchmark Buildings & Models: Concept & Structure Dru Crawley, Ph.D. U.S. Department of Energy Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy January 24, 2010

2. Building Energy Use

3. Commercial Buildings’ Energy Share Commercial buildings account for: –18% of U.S. energy –18% of greenhouse gas emissions (~1,000 MMT of CO 2 e) –slightly less than India’s entire energy consumption and GHG emissions

4. Commercial Square Footage Projections Source: EIA’s Annual Energy Outlook 2009, Table 5. 72 82 20102003 66 2030 Minus ~16B ft. 2 demolitions 104 Plus ~38B ft. 2 new additions

5. Simulation in Low-Energy Building Research In DOE’s low-energy building research, simulation has been critical for designing and operating buildings to support decision-making But we need ‘benchmark’ models to represent new and existing buildings for research and technology evaluation.

6. Solution: Benchmark Building Models Well documented—all inputs necessary to determine building operating energy performance are shown in Scorecard (spreadsheet which lists the individual inputs along with the source for the information). Currently available… 90.1-2004 models representing 80% of commercial building floor area… Soon … recent and older existing buildings, 90.1-2007, 90.1-2010 versions Continuous improvement: –Updates to current simulation versions –New information, detailed end-uses from monitoring research

7. Benchmark Buildings NREL, PNNL, and LBNL developed benchmark buildings –Set of standardized buildings that can be used as a code-compliant starting point –Can be used for sector analysis (building stock weights) –Can be used to set performance targets by specific climate or other parameters (covers all climate zones) –Can be used to show progress toward goals

8. Simulation Models Benchmark models available in EnergyPlus input format along with summary results EnergyPlus: fully integrated building, envelope, HVAC, water, and renewables simulation program, available free at www.energyplus.gov www.energyplus.gov

9. Thanks! Questions? Drury Crawley U.S. Department of Energy Drury.Crawley@ee.doe.gov Commercial Building Initiative commercialbuildings.energy.gov EnergyPlus energyplus.gov