1. Today’s Goals I Can… Identify and explain how geography creates issues for Japan Explain how the Japanese overcome their issues of geography Define archipelago and Ring the Fire and also explain how they impact the people of Japan

2. Geography of Japan

3. Japan Basics The Japanese call their country “Nippon” – Source of the sun “Japan” is actually a Chinese word – Origin of the sun Japan is home to 127 million people – Tokyo is the largest city with almost 13 million people One of the most crowded cities in the world

4. Physical Geography Japan is an “archipelago” of more than 1,000 islands in the Pacific Ocean – Chain of islands 4 main islands – Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, and Shikoku Honshu is the largest and most important island Japan’s physical environment is defined by three things – Rugged coastline – Mountains and volcanoes – Narrow Plains

5. Rugged Coastline Japan has 17,000 miles of sea/ ocean coast – Everyone in Japan lives less than 70 miles from the sea or ocean Japan’s coast is vulnerable to the ocean – Monsoons Seasonal winds that bring mild temperatures and large amounts of rain and snow – Typhoons Severe tropical storms similar to hurricanes – Devastate coastal areas of Japan as many as 12 times in one year

6. Mountains and Volcanoes Japan is located on the “Ring of Fire” – Earthquakes and active volcanoes are common There are 190 Volcanoes in Japan – Only 40 are still active – Mount Fuji Famous for its perfect shape, but is no longer active – Hasn’t erupted since 1707 Climbing is considered sacred to followers of Shinto – Believe spirits reside in mountain that determine one’s destiny – “He who never climbs Mount Fuji is a fool, and he who climbs twice is twice the fool”

7. Narrow Plains Majority of Japan’s land is covered by mountains – Flat land is very valuable and considered precious Only small and narrow coastal plains exist Kanto Plain – Largest and most productive plain in Japan Best farmland in the archipelago Birthplace of Japanese civilization Fought over by the “feudal lords” – Early kings/ emperors of Japan – Rice is most important, but also tobacco, tea, potatoes, sugar, beets, and barley

8. Geography Issues in Japan Japan has an issue with limited space – Food/ water Sushi and importing of food and water – Housing Small apartments and capsule hotels – Transportation Mass transportation is the key – Trains, subway, buses – All of this makes Japan very, very expensive and very, very crowded