1. FP7 - August 2005 1 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 1 H 2 Safety and Regulations Codes and Standards in EC supported initiatives: an update 2 nd International Conference for Hydrogen Safety S. Sebastian, Spain 11-13 September 2007 B eatrice Coda, Wiktor Raldow Directorate General for Research – Energy Conversion and Distribution System Pietro Moretto, Marc Steen Directorate General Joint Research Centre- Institute for Energy European Commission

2. FP7 - August 2005 2 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 2 Presentation Outline l Activities in 6 th Framework Programme (2002- 2006) l European Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology Platform l 7 th Framework Programme and the Joint Technology Initiative for Fuel Cells and Hydrogen (FCH JTI) l Joint Research Centre (JRC) efforts in RCS in support of H2 economy

3. FP7 - August 2005 3 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 3 FP6 Budget Breakdown for H2/FCs Total EC Contribution ~300 M€

4. FP7 - August 2005 4 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 4 Safety and RCS in FP6- Main dedicated projects Stay tuned with technical sessions for projects achievements !

5. FP7 - August 2005 5 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 5 Other major FP6 projects with prenormative research components l Project : NATURALHY-H2 Natural gas mixes using existing pipeline network Safety issues related to transmission, distribution and end use of mixes (e.g. pipeline durability and integrity) Total EC funding: 11 M€ l Project: STORHY- Development of safe and efficient on-board vehicle storage system Improvement of safety equipment and testing (e.g. bonfire, impact damage, accelerated stress rupture test), safety evaluation of design and approval Total EC funding: 10.7 M€ l Project: FLAMESOFC- Development of innovative micro SOFC-based CHP system Safety issues, HAZOP analysis, component and system certification Total EC funding: 7.5 M€ l “HYDROGEN FOR TRANSPORT” Demonstration Projects (Hyfleet/Cute, Zero Region, HyChain, HyLights)

6. FP7 - August 2005 6 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 6 Hydrogen & Fuel Cells Technology Platform STRATEGY (2005) IMPLEMENTATION (2006) VISION (2003) IMPLEMENTATION PLAN IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

7. FP7 - August 2005 7 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 7 HFP Objectives for RCS l Facilitate the creation and adoption of regulations, codes & standards in stationary, residential & transportation applications l Harmonise the technical requirements of regulations, international codes & standards l Integrate codes & standards from R&D to commercialisation

8. FP7 - August 2005 8 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 8 HFP Recommendations for H2 safety and RCS (HFP Strategic Documents) Establishment of an EU harmonised standardisation and regulatory framework for the safe operation of hydrogen & fuel cell systems, with the following main steps: l develop handbooks/codes of best practice for the safe introduction of H2 (HYAPPROVAL, HYPER) l establish a formal process / task force for assessing due diligence as regards safe use of hydrogen in projects, especially demonstration actions l assimilate and structure knowledge from pre-normative research, safety dedicated projects and demonstration activities l enhance international co-operation to secure globally compatible infrastructure and equipment (e.g. IPHE)

9. FP7 - August 2005 9 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 9 1.Hydrogen Vehicles & Refuelling Stations - Improve and validate hydrogen vehicle and refuelling technologies to the level required for commercialisation decisions by 2015 and a mass market-rollout by 2020 2.Sustainable H 2 Production and Supply - 10-20% of the Hydrogen supplied for energy applications to be CO2 lean or free by 2015 3.FCs for CHP and power generation - > 1 GW capacity in operation by 2015 4.FCs for Early Markets – X000 commercial early market FC products in the market by 2010 (200MW – 20000 units not later than 2012) IP: Four Innovation and Development Actions (IDA) with specific goals

10. FP7 - August 2005 10 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 10 Implementation Plan: Starting Assumptions: “Snapshot 2020” “Snapshot 2020”: Key assumptions on Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Applications for a 2020 Scenario Portable FCs for handheld electronic devices Portable Generators & Early Markets Stationary FCs Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Road Transport EU H2/ FC units sold per year projection 2020 ~ 250 million~ 100,000 per year (~ 1 GW e ) 100,000 to 200,000 per year (2-4 GW e ) 0.4 million to 1.8 million EU cumulative sales projections until 2020 n.a.~ 600,000 (~ 6 GW e ) 400,000 to 800,000 (8-16 GW e ) 1-5 million EU Expected 2020 Market Status Established GrowthMass market roll-out Average power FC system 15 W10 kW<100 kW (Micro HP) >100 kW (industrial CHP) 80 kW FC system cost target 1-2 €/ W500 €/kW2.000 €/kW (Micro) 1.000-1.500 €/kW (industrial CHP) < 100 €/kW (for 150.000 units per year)

11. FP7 - August 2005 11 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 11 NEW for FP7 - Joint Technology Initiatives (JTI) management structure organisation of the R&DD public interest necessary critical mass l The JTI is a new management structure that will allow a more efficient organisation of the R&DD resources in Europe in fields of major European public interest and will have the necessary critical mass l H2/FC6 priority topics l H2/FC is one of the 6 priority topics that the EC has identified for proposals on JTIs

12. FP7 - August 2005 12 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 12 Joint Technology Initiatives are a new way of realising public-private research partnerships at European level Public and private interests are brought together to jointly manage an EU research programme Joint Undertakings based on art.171 of the treaty will be created Research resources in Europe will be used more efficiently Technology Platforms have made major contributions during the process Joint Technology Initiatives

13. FP7 - August 2005 13 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 13 l Potential to greatly contribute to energy policy objectives – security, sustainabilility, competitiveness l Strength of commitment from industry (additionality) l Capacity to attract additional national and regional support l Focusing the EC FP7 funding Why a Joint Technology Initiative for fuel cells and hydrogen?

14. FP7 - August 2005 14 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 14 l Bridging structure will be put in place to prepare for the quick start of the fuel cells and hydrogen JTI l JTI legislative proposal to the Council is being finalised l Work Programme will be elaborated using the Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Technology Platform (HFP) Implementation Plan as a main input l Key role of HFP in the JTI preparations and also in forming of an Industrial Grouping Fuel Cells and Hydrogen JTI (FCH JTI)

15. FP7 - August 2005 15 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 15 Impact assessment Legislative proposal (Governance, staff and financial regulations, private sector contributions, etc.) Impact Assessment Board review Inter service consultations Translations Commission decision Council deliberations Parliament opinion Council adoption Fuel Cells and Hydrogen JTI- timeline

16. FP7 - August 2005 16 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 16 « The implementation of JTI will require that due coordination […] with as well regulations, codes and standards bodies at the national/regional European and international levels are ensured » (from IP) RCS and safety – IP/ JTI

17. FP7 - August 2005 17 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 17 Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Review Days Bruxelles, 10th – 11th October 2007 Bridging to JTI  Gather comprehensive overview of ongoing H2 & FC activities at the EU level  Confirmations/recommendations to both the overall IP strategy and to detailed S&T targets, cost targets and timelines  Provide a forum for discussion between different stakeholders capitalising on the main projects and findings in FP6  Build consensus for future actions for JTI and for alignment of EU and Member States  Workshop on future actions for RCS - 10th October.

18. FP7 - August 2005 18 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 18 ICHS – 11-13 September 2007 - SanSebastian 18 JRC efforts in RCS in support of H2 economy

19. FP7 - August 2005 19 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 19 ICHS – 11-13 September 2007 - SanSebastian 19 What? in-house activities aimed at establishment and optimisation of testing methods for performance assessment Involvement in EC-funded collaborative projects under FP5, FP6, FP7 Liaison/input to international SDO NB: JRC does NOT draft standards or codes or regulations! Technical scope of JRC work: pre-normative research on H2 storage, FC performance, H2 safety sensors, safety modelling How? 1.Involvement in RCS group HFP and follow-up within HFP-IP, JTI 2.International representation: RCS WG of IPHE, relevant IEA- HIA/FC tasks 3.Technical interlocutor EC for CEN M349 mandate 4.(Co-)organisation of workshops, conferences

20. FP7 - August 2005 20 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 20 ICHS – 11-13 September 2007 - SanSebastian 20 JRC efforts for FC applications  In-house activities aimed at establishment and optimisation of testing methods for performance assessment  Involvement in EC-funded collaborative projects: from FCTESTNET, via FCTESQA to FCTEDI  Liaison and input to IEC TC 105, ISO TC 197 FP5 THEMATIC NETWORK FP6 STREP Project FP6 SSA Project

21. FP7 - August 2005 21 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 21 ICHS – 11-13 September 2007 - SanSebastian 21 In-house effort Validation of harmonized fuel cell testing procedures as input for fuel cell performance standards 90 cell-stack voltage monitoring

22. FP7 - August 2005 22 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 22 ICHS – 11-13 September 2007 - SanSebastian 22 Compilation of harmonised testing procedures for transport, stationary & mobile FC applications (focus on PEM, SOFC and MCFC).  Validation of methods and procedures  Benchmarking of performance  Round robin testing of FC cells, stacks and systems Dissemination Meta-gap analysis Evolution of EC-funded collaborative projects DELIVERABLES: AGREED TESTING PROCEDURESDELIVERABLES: EVOLUTION FCTESTNET FCTESQA FCTEDI

23. FP7 - August 2005 23 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 23 ICHS – 11-13 September 2007 - SanSebastian 23 Dissemination to SDOs (e.g. IEC, ISO, ASTM) International Fuel Cell Glossary within IEC TC 105 Introduction of harmonised PEFC on single cell testing protocols into the standardisation process. A New Work Item Proposal (NWIP) coordinated by NEDO and in conjunction with USFCC, was submitted to IEC TC 105 Dissemination mainly through symposia and preparing publicly accessible information. Special attention will be given to: Regulations Codes and Standards & Safety aspects Diagnostic methods in fuel cell technology (workshop scheduled for 2008) Fuel quality issues (workshop scheduled for 2009) Dissemination towards IPHE MS

24. FP7 - August 2005 24 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 24 ICHS – 11-13 September 2007 - SanSebastian 24 Meta-Gap Analysis To develop a complementary action plan and strategy for regulations, codes and standards for fuel cells intended for stationary applications. The analysis will be complementary to the experiences and the results of the gap analyses performed by:  The Initiative group for RC&S of the European Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology Platform  The CEN/CENELEC feasibility study (Mandate M-349) in the area of hydrogen and fuel cells and  The FP6 HarmonHy SSA in the area of fuel cells for stationary applications. Other international/national projects The MGA is intended to be in synergy to the work of the IPHE ILC RCS Working Group.

25. FP7 - August 2005 25 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 25 ICHS – 11-13 September 2007 - SanSebastian 25 Meta-Gap in stage It The meta-gap analysis will be executed in 5 stages: Consultation with EU and National Authorities Mapping and first RC&S analysis Main input from:HFP, IPHE, HarmonHy, US, Japan, Canada Research-to- market barriers analysis + draft MGA Complementary review of RC&S gaps and barriers in Europe, North America and Japan Public Consultation (stockholders, policy makers and IOs) comments on the draft meta-gap analysis Action Plan + Strategies For RC&S MGA complete

26. FP7 - August 2005 26 EUROPEAN COMMISSION – DG Research – 2006 26 ICHS – 11-13 September 2007 - SanSebastian 26 IPHE RCSWG ongoing activities 1.Meta-gap analysis (build upon and develop from FCTEDI input for stationary FC applications) 2.Global regulation map (US-DoT, EU input provided by EC) 3.Accelerated life testing (EC-JRC, preparation of status report on ongoing world-wide activities) 4.FC degradation workshop (Sept. 2007) 5.FC diagnostics workshop (2008, in preparation)