2. Outbreak! By Danielle Lorenc Natalie Wickman Katelyn White And Freddie Benson The Meningitis movie… Starring Mr. John Farnanh But written

3. What happened? What happened to the victim at WVHS? The victim showed these symptoms: -Headache -Vomiting -Chills/Fever -Limping/Muscle Aches -Stiff Neck -Photophobia/Sensitivity to light

4. Kirby-Bauer Disk Method 24: Ampicillin 2 cm – Tetracyclin 2.1 cm – Penicillin 1 cm – Streptomycin 2.5 cm 48: Ampicillin 2 cm – Tetracyclin 2.1 cm – Penicillin 1 cm – Streptomycin 2.5 cm 72: Ampicillin 2 cm – Tetracyclin 2.25 cm – Penicillin 1 cm – Streptomycin 0 cm Ours Bleach 0 cm Anti-bacterial Soap 0 cm Erythromycin 0 cmAmpicillin 2 cm Hydrogen Peroxide 0 cmStreptomycin 2.5 cm Penicillin 0 cmLysol 3 cm

5. Electrophoresis Electrophoresis Results: 244872 1.51.51.4 221.5 2 2.25 Ours: Victim’sStreptococcusListeriaE.coli.51.25.5.51.25

6. Gram Stain Next, a gram stain test was run.

7. Lumbar Puncture A lumbar puncture on the victim was taken and came back cloudy.

8. With What Was the Victim Infected? The victim was infected with bacterial Meningitis. Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, which are membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. It is caused by the microbe Neisseria sp.

9. How it was caused Bacteria of meningitis are often found in the throat and nose, and can be carried for several months without any signs of its carrier being ill. It can be spread by coughing, sneezing, kissing, sharing food and utensils, and not washing hands. We suspect that the illness in the victim was spread from someone else carrying the bacteria who came to the school (for parent-teacher conferences) and shook hands with the victim.

10. Should the Public Be Concerned? Yes, because: It affects many types of people Can be spread through air and close contact, especially in schools Has already affected 40 people in this school Serious long term effects such as hearing loss visual impairment, seizures, etc. Possibility that it cannot be recovered from your entire life

11. Prognosis When a patient tests positive for meningitis, they will be hospitalized until they recover, which may take a longer period of time or a shorter one, depending on how well the patient’s immune system fights the bacteria off by using it’s white blood cells. Many people recover without any permanent damage, but the small chance that they might not recover or recover with permanent damage makes meningitis a serious disease

12. Treatments When a patient is treated for meningitis antibiotics are given through an IV for up to two weeks The patient will also be given fluids to make up for those lost from vomiting Possible antibiotics include: Ampicillin Cefotaxone Ceftriaxone Gentamicin Sulfate Penicillin G Vancomycin

13. Ethical Dilemma There is only half of the antibiotics we need We could… End-based Approach: Treat people who are just developing the disease first so that less antibiotics are needed per person

14. Rule-based approach Rule-based approach: Give it to whoever first needs it and younger victims.

15. Care-based approach Care-based approach: Give it to whoever needs it the most. Final Decision: Give it to whoever needs it the most

16. Bibliography Dr. Reddy's Pediatric Office on the Web. "Meningitis, Encephalitis, and Sepsis." Dr. Reddy's Pediatric Office on the Web TM. 1 May 2007. 9 Dec. 2008. EHealthMD. "What Causes Meningitis?" eHealthMD. Oct. 2004. Health Information Publications. 8 Dec. 2008. Klein, Joel, and Larissa Hirsch. "Meningitis." Kids Health. Sept. 2007. Nemours Foundation. 1 Dec. 2008. Milton S. Hershey Medical Center. "Bacterial Meningitis." Health and Disease Information: A to Z topics. Penn State. 8 Dec. 2008. National Meningitis Association. "Awareness." National Meningitis Association. 2008. 8 Dec. 2008. U.S. National Library of Medicine, and National Institutes of Health. "Cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) collection." MedlinePlus. 1 Dec. 2008. A.D.A.M. 2 Dec. 2008. Web MD. "Antibiotics for Bacterial Meningitis." Web MD. 2008. 8 Dec. 2008. Wrong Diagnosis. "Prognosis of Bacterial Meningitis." Wrong Diagnosis. 4 Oct. 2008. 8 Dec. 2008.