1. The Crusades
18.2
Chapter 18
Section 2

2. A series of wars between Christians and Muslims
Fought for control of Palestine [Holy Land]
Holy Land: land where Jesus lived, preached, and died

3. Causes of Crusades Christians no longer safe making pilgrimages
Turks attacked Byzantine Empire
Byzantines asked for help from the pope

4. Call to Arms Pope Urban II rallies Christians together
Saved their souls
Gain treasure
Adventure
Crusades is Latin for “marked with a cross”

5. First Crusade 1096- 5,000 soldiers left for the Holy Land
More peasants than soldiers
Stopped in Germany to attack the Jews
Most died before reaching Holy Land
1099- Christians took the Holy Land
Muslims were surprised and unorganized
Christians set up the feudal system

6. Other Crusades
Within 50 years Muslims started taking Christian land back
Third Crusade
King Richard I vs. Saladin
Lionheart won protection for the pilgrims
Lionheart never won Jerusalem

7. Fourth Crusade 1201- French left from Venice to sail to the Holy Land
Conquered Zara
Christians attacked Constantinople

10. End of Crusades Other crusades followed- none successful
1291 Muslim armies took back ALL of the Holy Land

11. Crusades Failed Traveled long distances Weren’t prepared to fight
Outnumbered
Christians fought themselves

12. Changed Europe Trade increased between Europe and Asia
European kings power increased
Jews distrusted Christians
Christians and Muslims
Muslims- unbelievers who threatened Christians
Christians- vicious invaders