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Congress Middle School
Pre-Medical Magnet Program 2008 Presented by: Diana Herec, Medical Magnet Coordinator
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Human Anatomy & Physiology
The Muscular System
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Responsible for bodily movement
Includes the voluntary muscles of the body About 700 muscles in the human body Vary greatly in size
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Muscle Action Muscle action depends on its position with the joint it works on Limb movement requires the teamwork of several muscles Muscles contract when activated
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Muscle Contraction If the force of a muscle contraction is greater than the force resisting it, the contraction is known as Isotonic Contraction
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muscle contraction continued…
If resistance to contraction is equal to the force, the muscle will not contract, known as: Isometric Contraction
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Skeletal Muscle Most prominent type of muscle in the body
May account for up to 60% body mass It is attached to bones at both ends by tendons
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Skeletal Muscle continued…
Skeletal muscle is under constant control, therefore, known as: Voluntary Muscle
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Just below the surface of the skin
The muscles and skeleton are responsible for an individual’s Physique
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Muscle Types Classified by shape:
Parallel fibers Oblique fibers Shape and arrangement of fibers reflect muscle function
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Pennate Muscles Have feather-like appearance and fibers run obliquely down to the tendon
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Some spiral muscles have the capacity to turn half a rotation between their attachments
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Others twist around a bone
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In the common spindle-shaped muscles, all fibers run from one tendon to another
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Circular Muscles Fibers of circular muscles are arranged in concentric circles
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Muscles consist of bundles of fibers that can be organized in different ways, according to the function of the muscle
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Muscles You Will Need To Know
1. Temporalis 2. Masseter 4. Sternocleidomastoid 5. Pectoralis Major 6. Serratus Anterior 7. External Obliques 24. Rectus Abdominus 27. Biceps 28. Deltoid 29. Trapezius 32. Frontalis
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Name 1,2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 24, 27, 28, 29, 32 1. Temporalis 2. Masseter
4. Sternocleidomastoid 5. Pectoralis Major 6. Serratus Anterior 7. External Obliques 24. Rectus Abdominus 27. Biceps 28. Deltoid 29. Trapezius 32. Frontalis
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You Will Need to Know 14. Adductor Magnus 15. Sartorius 17. Soleus
18. Gastrocnemius 20.Tibialis Anterior 21. Quadriceps
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Name #14, 15, 17, 18, 20, 21 14. Adductor Magnus 15. Sartorius
17. Soleus 18. Gastrocnemius 20.Tibialis Anterior 21. Quadriceps
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You Will Need to Know 2. Trapezius 3. Deltoid 4. Latissimus Dorsi
7. Gluteus Maximus 9. Gastronemius 11. Soleus 15-17 Hamstrings 22. Tricep
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Name #2, 3, 4, 7, 9, 11, 15-17, 22 2. Trapezius 3. Deltoid
4. Latissimus Dorsi 7. Gluteus Maximus 9. Gastronemius 11. Soleus 15-17 Hamstrings 22. Tricep
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