1. Restoration & Enlightenment
England
Page 516

2. Restoration & Enlightenment
King Charles II invited to the throne after exile in France (Charles I had been executed)
England turned away from the grim era of Cromwell’s Puritan rule (theaters were closed, entertainment suspended)
Charles II brought with him the glamour and style of France

3. Restoration & Enlightenment
1665—Great Plague (100,000 dead)
1666—Great Fire of London (75% burned)
King James II succeeded Charles II and attempted to install Roman Catholicism as the State religion
James II was replaced by Protestant, Mary and husband William (College in VA—Educated 3 American presidents)

4. Restoration & Enlightenment
1702—Queen Anne took the throne
Scotland united with England—became Great Britain
Queen Anne outlived all 16 of her children
Another 100 year war with France
George I, George II, George III (1760–1820)—suffered from a mental illness (porphyria vampire-sunlight & garlic)-lost American Colonies

5. Restoration & Enlightenment
18th Century--Age of Reason
John Locke-Philosopher-Tabula Rasa (blank slate) Nature –vs- Nurture debate
Isaac Newton—Father of Science (the most influential man in history)
Farming and livestock methods improved
Displaced peasants who moved into the cities to work in factories—industrial revolution

6. Restoration & Enlightenment
Restoration—the return of the monarchy to England
Enlightenment—the philosophical movement of the 18th century that emphasized the use of reason
Samuel Johnson (1755) published Dictionary of the English Language—40,000 words and definitions

7. Restoration & Enlightenment
Great British authors of the R&E—
Samuel Pepys (Diary)
John Milton (Paradise Lost)
Daniel Defoe (Robinson Crusoe)
Jonathan Swift (Gulliver’s Travels)

8. The Diary of Samuel Pepys pg.525
Began diary at age 26 (continued for over 40 years) wrote over 1.2 million words
Helped save the Navy office during the Great Fire of London
Appointed as Sec of Navy—helped make England a major sea power

9. The Diary of Samuel Pepys pg.525
Firsthand account of events that occurred over 300 years ago ( )
Wrote in shorthand to ensure privacy of his thoughts
Diary—writer’s personal day-to-day account of his or her experiences and impressions (personal and public)

10. The Diary of Samuel Pepys
Informal Diary writing—Pepsy writes in sentence fragments, using participles only, ex. May 23…the King walking…his traveling…his sitting…”
Samuel’s account of King Charles II coronation (restoration)
Charles II account of his exile to France
Through six weeks of narrow escaped Charles managed to flee England in disguise, despite a reward of £1,000 on his head, risk of death for anyone caught helping him and the difficulty in disguising Charles, who was unusually tall at over 6 feet (185 cm) high.

11. The Diary of Samuel Pepys
Firsthand account of the Great Fire of London—1666
Started in a Bakery on Pudding Lane, destroyed 13,000 homes, only 16 deaths
Firefighters used fire-breaks to stop the fire; they blew up structures with gunpowder
Helped end the plague by killing rats

12. Start Here

13. Daniel Defoe 1660-1731 pg. 583 Ups and downs in business as a merchant
Wrote controversial Political pamphlets
Put in the pillory or stocks and pelted with flowers instead of rotten fruit
Began writing novels in his late 50s.
Robinson Crusoe was Defoe’s first Novel

14. Robinson Crusoe (pg. 566)
Full title: The Life and Strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe of York, Mariner
Published 1719
First important English novel (New)
Classic adventure story
Written in the first person POV
Ordinary people in extraordinary situations

15. Robinson Crusoe continued
Based on true story of a shipwrecked sailor on a deserted island
Although fiction, many believed it to be a true account
RC is basis for comic books, movies and science fiction adventures

16. Robinson Crusoe continued
Crusoe learns valuable skills and lessons in his 28 year ordeal:
Craft tools, carpentry, pottery, agriculture and animal husbandry
Appreciates the moral and social values back home in England
Rescues “Friday” from cannibals
Finally is rescued by passing ship which he saves from mutineers

17. Castaway

18. Stop Here

19. GULLIVER’S TRAVELS
SATIRE--A literary technique in which behaviors or institutions are ridiculed for the purpose of improving society
EXAMPLES: SNL, COMICS, CARICATURES, PARODIES

20. Examples of Satire “Weekend Update” from Saturday Night Live
The Daily Show
the movie Scary Movie
the movies of Austin Powers
most political cartoons in newspapers and magazines
the songs of Weird Al Yankovic

21. Satire Today

22. SATIRE IN COMICS

23. CARICATURES

24. FANTASY
Literature in which the limits of reality are purposely disregarded

25. Stop Here