1. The Central Nervous System Chapter 12

2. Embryonic Development

5. Ventricles of the Brain

6. Cerebral Hemispheres

7. Cerebral Cortex

8. Cerebral cortex--Motor  Primary motor cortex Coordinates & controls movement  Premotor cortex Controls learned, repetitive movement Plans movement  Broca’s area Language, speech  Frontal eye field Voluntary eye movement

9. Cerebral Cortex--Sensory  Primary somatosensory Interprets sensation from body  Somatosensory association Integrate sensory input  Visual (Primary, Association)  Auditory (Primary, Association)  Olfactory  Gustatory  Visceral  Vestibular

10. Cerebral Cortex: Motor and Sensory Areas

11. Cerebral Cortex--Multimodal  Anterior association area Complex learning, recall, personality, memory, abstract thinking  Posterior association Pattern & facial recognition Awareness of local space Some language  Limbic association Emotional impact “Danger”

12. Cerebral Cortex

13. White Matter of the Cerebrum Myelinated neurons Transmit signals to, through, and from the brain

14. White Matter of the Cerebrum

15. Basal Nuclei Important in movement: start, stop, intensity Inhibit unnecessary movements Parkinson’s disease

16. Diencephalon

17.  Thalamus Coordinate almost all inputs into brain Key role in sensation, motor activities, arousal, learning, memory  Hypothalamus Autonomic control center Emotional response Body temperature Food intake Water balance & thirst Sleep-wake cycle Endocrine system

18. Ventral View of the Brain

19. Brain Stem

20. Cerebellum

21. Limbic System

22. Meninges

23. Cerebrospinal Fluid

24. Location and Circulation of CSF

25. Spinal Cord Anatomy

28. Ascending and Descending Tracts

29. CNS Physiology  Brain Wave Patterns  Consciousness  Sleep and Sleep-Awake Cycles  Memory

30. Brain Wave Patterns

31. Consciousness  Alertness  Drowsiness or lethargy  Stupor  Coma

32. Sleep and Sleep-Awake Cycles

33. Memory  Storage and retrieval of information  Two distinct stages of memory Short-term memory (STM) Long-term memory (LTM)  Factors affecting transfer from STM to LTM

34. Memory Processing

35. Homeostatic Imbalances of the CNS  Epileptic Seizure  Fainting (syncope)  Concussion  Coma  CVA  Paralysis  Cerebral palsy  Amnesia  Narcolepsy  Insomnia  Sleep apnea  Meningitis  Encephalitis  Poliomyelitis  Hydrocephalus  Microencephaly  Anencephaly  Spina bifida  Alzheimer’s Disease  Parkinson’s Disease  Huntington’s Disease

36. Hydrocephalus

37. Spina Bifida