1. CONTINENCE ISSUES IN PEOPLE WITH PARKINSON’S DISEASE The role of the Field Officer

2. Parkinson’s disease is: A progressive, degenerative neurological disorder A complex neuropsychiatric disorder Caused by the loss of dopamine producing cells in the brain No two people are the same.

3. Up to 71% of people with PD may experience bladder or bowel dysfunction. (Martignoni et al 1995).

4. Bladder and Bowel problems associated with Parkinson’s Frequency of urination Sudden urgency Urge incontinence Retention of urine Nocturia constipation

5. Other Considerations Mobility Communication Cognitive function Dexterity Swallowing Comorbidity

6. Role of the Field Officer Assessment and Education Referral to GP (for referral onto Neurologist /Urologist) Referral to Continence Nurse Physiotherapist Occupational therapist Dietician Speech language therapist

7. Continence problems have implications for peoples quality of life and the carers ability to cope. This may ultimately influence admission into a care facility. (Thom et al 1997)

8. References www.Nursingtimes National Association for Continence www.nafc.org www.Parkinsons.org.uk