1. Look at the following patterns. What are the patterns based on
Look at the following patterns. What are the patterns based on? What do you observe?
A, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, J, Q, K
1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81
3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24

3. The first pattern established in the periodic table was found in whether an element was a metal, non-metal or a metalloid.

4. Metals Most elements are metals
They are found on the left side of the periodic table
All but 1 of these metals are solids at room temperature
Most metals are malleable, shiny, ductile and good conductors of heat and electricity.

5. Non-Metals
Non-metals are found on the right side of the periodic table (except Hydrogen)
Many of the non-metals are gases at room temperature
Most non-metals are NOT malleable, NOT shiny, NOT ductile and NOT good conductors of heat and electricity

6. Metalloids
Located along a zig-zag line between the metals and non-metals
Also known as semi-conductors
Possess some of the properties of both metals and non-metals
Usually hard and brittle

7. Bellringer a. Along the zig-zag line Metals
b. To the left of the zig-zag line
c. To the right of the zig-zag line
Metals
2. Non-metals
3. Metalloids

8. 14.1 Physical properties
Characteristics that you can see through direct observation are called physical properties.
Physical properties include color, texture, density, brittleness, and state (solid, liquid, or gas).
Melting point, boiling point, and specific heat are also physical properties.

9. 14.1 Chemical properties
Properties that can only be observed when one substance changes into a different substance are called chemical properties.
Any change that transforms one substance into a different substance is called a chemical change.

10. 14.1 The Periodic Table
The periodic table organizes the elements according to their chemical properties and their physical properties.
The periodic table is organized in order of increasing atomic number.

11. 14.1 The Periodic Table
The periodic table is further divided into periods and groups.
Each horizontal row is called a period.
Each vertical column is called a group.

12. Rows/Periods
In the periodic table, the row are referred to as periods.
There are 7 periods in the current periodic table.
Each period represents the outermost shell of electrons used by the atoms in that row.

13. Columns/Groups
In the periodic table, the columns/groups are also referred to as “families” since the elements in them all have a lot of properties that are “related”.
There are 18 groups.

14. “Families” of the Periodic Table
13-16

15. Groups 1 & 2 VERY reactive metals
In nature, they can only be found in combination with other elements

16. Group 1 – Alkali Metals Very low densities (most can float)
Physical Properties
Chemical Properties
Very low densities (most can float)
Soft enough to be cut with a knife
React violently with water
React with halogen family to form salts
Outer shell only contains 1 electron.

17. Group 2 – Alkaline-Earth Metals
Physical Properties
Chemical Properties
Silver colored metals
More dense and harder than the Alkali Metals
Highly reactive (but not quite as reactive as alkali metals)
Outer shell only contains 2 electrons

18. Groups 3-12 Transition Metals
Physical Properties
Shiny
Good Conductors
High Melting Points
High Densities
Very malleable & ductile
Hard, strong & tough
Used For
Coins
Electric & Heat applications
Structural materials (building & making things)

19. Groups 3-12 Transition Metals
Chemical Properties
Not very reactive
Some will react with oxygen to form rust (or something similar)
Transition metals frequently react with each other to form alloys.
Zinc + Copper = Brass
Copper + Tin + Aluminum = Bronze
Gold + Nickel + Palladium = White Gold
Iron + Chromium + Nickel = Steel

20. Groups 13-16
All of these groups contain a combination of metals, non metals and metalloids.
All are named after the element at the top of the group.
Metalloids are contained within these groups

21. Groups 17 & 18 Nonmetals

22. Group 17 - Halogens Physical Properties Chemical Properties
Exist in all 3 phases of matter at room temperature.
VERY reactive non metals
Never found independently in nature…always combined
React violently with alkali metals to form salts
Outer shell contains 7 electrons

23. Group 18 – Noble Gases Colorless, odorless gases at room temperature
Physical Properties
Chemical Properties
Colorless, odorless gases at room temperature
Very stable
Do not react with other elements
Outer electron shell is full

24. Hydrogen
Placed in Group 1 due to its lone electron in the outer shell, but does not share any characteristics of the alkali metals
Colorless, odorless gas at room temp
Reacts violently with oxygen
Most abundant element on earth
More info…

25. Bellringer
Write a paragraph about the periodic table. It must include at least 10 words from your vocabulary list. Underline the words.