1. CleanSeaNet:
The EU satellite service for monitoring and surveillance of illegal oil discharges
Samuel Djavidnia
European Maritime Safety Agency

2. Accompanying measures
Legal basis
Mandated by Directive 2005/35/EC of 7 September 2005 on
Ship-source pollution and on the introduction of penalties for infringements
(entered into force on 1 March 2007)
Article 10
Accompanying measures
2. In accordance with its tasks as defined in Regulation (EC) No 1406/2002, the European Maritime Safety Agency shall:
(a) work with the Member States in developing technical solutions and providing technical assistance in relation to the implementation of this Directive, in actions such as tracing discharges by satellite monitoring and surveillance;
(b) assist the Commission in the implementation of this Directive, including, if appropriate, by means of visits to the Member States, in accordance with Article 3 of Regulation (EC) No 1406/2002.

3. Scope & benefits of EMSA satellite service
European system for detecting oil slicks at sea using satellite surveillance on request of the Commission and all EU and EFTA.
Links into national/regional response chain & strengthens operational pollution surveillance & response for accidental spills:
Routine monitoring of European seas for illegal discharges in co-operation with Coastal States;
Support in case of an accidental spill;
Investigation of pollution ‘hot spots’ and development of statistics.
Sustainability
Cost Sharing
Reduced price for a large amount of images
Cooperation
Mutual benefits for coastal states
Sharing of images and aerial surveillance
European standardised service
All European waters: comprehensive information & easy to compare

4. Service cycle: CleanSeaNet: step by step
1. Defining Member State coverage requirements (area[s] of interest, frequency, etc);
2. Planning and ordering of satellite data;
3. Data acquisition and processing;
4. Alerting & Data dissemination
5. National/Regional verification of possible slicks and feedback to EMSA;
6. Quality checking;
7. Post-processing

5. CleanSeaNet users
23 Coastal States are currently part of the CleanSeaNet service:
Baltic Sea: FI, SE, EE, LV, LT, PL, DK, DE
North Sea: DE, DK, NO, UK, NL, BE
Atlantic: UK, IE, FR, ES, PT
Black Sea: BG, RO
Mediterranean Sea: ES, FR, IT, SI, MT, CY, EL
NW Atlantic: UK
Norway North: NO

6. Service cycle: CleanSeaNet: step by step
1. Defining Member State coverage requirements (area[s] of interest, frequency, etc);
2. Planning and ordering of satellite data;
3. Data acquisition and processing;
4. Alerting & Data dissemination
5. National/Regional verification of possible slicks and feedback to EMSA;
6. Quality checking;
7. Post-processing

7. Synthetic Aperture Radar – SAR Image
Satellite in use:
ENVISAT
RADARSAT (1+2)
(ERS2)
Future missions:
ALOS
TerraSAR
Cosmo-Skymed
Sentinel 1a…

8. Satellite maximum service area

9. Service cycle: CleanSeaNet: step by step
1. Defining Member State coverage requirements (area[s] of interest, frequency, etc);
2. Planning and ordering of satellite data;
3. Data acquisition and processing;
4. Alerting & Data dissemination
5. National/Regional verification of possible slicks and feedback to EMSA;
6. Quality checking;
7. Post-processing

10. CleanSeaNet: network Svalbard Tromsø Grimstad Fucino Benevento Matera
Azores
(from 2008)
Fucino
Benevento
Svalbard
Grimstad

11. CSN Processing & Oil Analysis
ENV & RS1 Raw data -> L0 -> L1 16 bits
ENV WideSwath: 400x400km, 150m resolution
RS1 ScanSAR Narrow: 300x300km, 75m resolution
Wind & wave processing: SARTooL
AIS Integration
(Vessel detection)
Oil analysis: visual / semi-automatic technique (Tromso-KSAT, Matera-Telespazio and Lisbon-Edisoft)

12. Service cycle: CleanSeaNet: step by step
1. Defining Member State coverage requirements (area[s] of interest, frequency, etc);
2. Planning and ordering of satellite data;
3. Data acquisition and processing;
4. Alerting & Data dissemination
5. National/Regional verification of possible slicks and feedback to EMSA;
6. Quality checking;
7. Post-processing

13. CleanSeaNet service CSN product Within 30 min after satellite overpass
Alert Notification by , Tel, SMS, to the responsible Coastal State and neighbouring countries;
Oil report for oil spill detected & clean sea
Web browser Low res SAR image, oil report, wind, wave, AIS, plus other layers
Database EMSA keeps all information (geotiff high & low res, xml, gml and verification response included, in a database for:
- supporting Member States collecting evidence
- producing statistics
Within 30 min after satellite overpass
(penalties for satellite operators after 30 min)

14. CSN Web Portal

15. Service cycle: CleanSeaNet: step by step
1. Defining Member State coverage requirements (area[s] of interest, frequency, etc);
2. Planning and ordering of satellite data;
3. Data acquisition and processing;
4. Alerting & Data dissemination
5. National/Regional verification of possible slicks and feedback to EMSA;
6. Quality checking;
7. Post-processing

16. Feedback & verification
© Italian Coastguard aerial verification
EMSA CleanSeaNet
RADARSAT
Oil spills
©MDA/CSA/EMSA 2007

17. Service cycle: CleanSeaNet: step by step
1. Defining Member State coverage requirements (area[s] of interest, frequency, etc);
2. Planning and ordering of satellite data;
3. Data acquisition and processing;
4. Alerting & Data dissemination
5. National/Regional verification of possible slicks and feedback to EMSA;
6. Quality checking;
Timeliness
Completeness
Quality
7. Post-processing

18. Service cycle: CleanSeaNet: step by step
1. Defining Member State coverage requirements (area[s] of interest, frequency, etc);
2. Planning and ordering of satellite data;
3. Data acquisition and processing;
4. Alerting & Data dissemination
5. National/Regional verification of possible slicks and feedback to EMSA;
6. Quality checking;
7. Post-processing

19. Post processing
Emergency management, support & reporting (e.g. Kerch Strait);
Mapping & integration with ancillary data:
Navigation data
Optical r/s data
Ocean colour
SST
Analyse datasets, perform statistics and disseminate reports to EC, EU bodies and MS

20. CleanSeaNet Examples (i)
EMSA CleanSeaNet
RADARSAT :52 UTC

21. Confirmed oill spill off the coast of Catalunya
CleanSeaNet Examples (ii)
Confirmed oill spill off the coast of Catalunya
EMSA CleanSeaNet
ENVISAT-ASAR :58 UTC
Low wind area
18km
Possible polluter
vessel
© ESA (European Space Agency) /EMSA 2007

22. CleanSeaNet Operational Support - Emergencies: New Flame
To monitor the New Flame incident (Sept. 07), EMSA specifically ordered ENV & RS1 scenes and issued CleanSeaNet briefings to the Spanish Authorities (SASEMAR), to DG ENV (MIC) and DG TREN
EMSA’s legal basis for this task is mandated by Directive 2005/35/EC on ship source pollution and on the introduction of penalties for infringements.
Specifically ARTICLE 10, states EMSA shall work with the MS in developing technical solutions and providing technical assistance in actions such as tracing discharges by satellite monitoring and surveillance.
MS were requested to bring this Directive into force by 1 March 2007.

23. CSN: the international institutional context
Development of the service:
European Space Agency (ESA): MARCOAST, Data Access
Joint Research Centre (JRC - European Commission)
Operational cooperation (emergency):
MIC, DG Environment, European Commission
International Charter on Space and Major Disasters
The ‘Charter’ is a mechanism to co-ordinate space based data acquisition and delivery to those affected by a natural or man made disaster anywhere in the world (earthquakes, floods, fires..)
Charter Members –CSA, CNES, ESA, NOAA, JAXA, ISRO…
In the case of a large oil spill in European waters, EMSA will be the focal point for producing Charter Products, e.g. Strafjord-A Platform accident in Norway, Dec. 07.

24. Improvement & further developments of CSN: Cooperation with JRC
JRC provides R&D support to EMSA related to oil pollution and is currently developing:
Fully automatic oil spill identification system
Study on the operational use of optical imagery (MODIS) for oil spill detection
Environmental ancillary probability maps as an overlay to CleanSeaNet products
Several MODIS products showing algae blooms
Source:

25. CleanSeaNet: service development
In-house capability of combination with AIS (SRIT) (2008). AIS Mediterranean regional server
Capability of forecasting and hindcasting of spill drift, aging of spills (2008)
Correlation of vessel tracks and spill movements needed
EMSA service might be the first operational end-to-end service for Member States under GMES
Service could be further developed for vessel detection/identification by satellite
Long Range Identification & Tracking ?

26. CleanSeaNet: Advanced products
10:00
10:00
Combination of
Satellite detection
Spill drifting
Vessel tracking
9:00
10:00
8:00
7:00
9:00
8:00
9:00
10:00
8:00
7:00

27. CleanSeaNet web portal: http://cleanseanet.emsa.europa.eu
First test image CleanSeaNet
c) CSA/MDA/EMSA Radarsat 11/04/2007