1. SI Bio 211 Thursday, November 20, 2008 Jenny F.

2. What biome is this?

3. Tundra Cold Short growing season No trees Permafrost Ice-wedge polygons Animal examples: polar bear, rabbits, oxen, deer, etc.

4. What biome is this?

5. Tropical Rain Forest Warm and wet year-round Home to 50% of the world’s species Evergreen Do have seasonality

6. What biome is this?

7. Chaparral -Mediterranean vegetation --warm, dry summers -Cool, wet winters -Often on hills near cool oceans -Shrubby vegetation, evergreen or deciduous -Infrequent, devastating fires -Many unique species

8. Are biomes characterized by the plant or animal life that inhabits them? Explain why you chose the answer that you did.

9. What biome is this?

10. Savanna Defined by grass layer Variable tree and shrub cover Abundance of large grazing mammals Strongly Seasonal Fire Migrating animals

11. What type of plant is this? And what biome is it most common to? Is it vascular or non-vascular?

12. Moss Taiga Non-vascular

13. Compare abiotic and biotic factors and give examples of each

14. Which of the following is not an abiotic factor that shapes ecosystems? A. soil minerals B. predators C. fire D. rainfall E. volcanic eruptions

15. What are adaptations that plants and animals may undergo if they live in desert environments?

16. Differentiate between still waters, moving waters, and wetlands

17. Still waters (ponds & lakes) Moving waters (rivers & streams) Wetlands fresh, salt, or brackish marshes /swamps (trees)

18. Describe vertical stratification.

19. Surface Euphotic Zone -Plants (shallow waters) -Plankton (open waters) Deeper Aphotic Zone -Little light = cooler -Detritus-based Benthos -(the sediments)

20. Describe the Littoral Zone.

21. What is the littoral zone? Emergent plants Floating-leaved plants Submerged aquatic plants

22. Population densities of plankton are likely to be greatest in which part of a lake? A. photic zone B. euphotic zone C. thermocline D. benthos E. littoral zone

23. Population densities of plankton are likely to be greatest in which part of a lake? A. photic zone B. euphotic zone C. thermocline D. benthos E. littoral zone

24. Which of the following organisms does not reproduce cells by mitosis and cytokinesis? A. banana tree B. bacterium C. cockroach D. cow E. mushroom

25. In what ways are all protists alike? They are all A.nonparasitic B. eukaryotic C. multicellular D. marine E. photosynthetic

26. Are fungi…. -prokaryotic or eukaryotic? -Heterotrophic, autotrophic, or chemotrophic?

27. Which of the following is the unit of evolution? In other words, which of the following can evolve in the Darwinian sense? A.gene B. chromosome C. individual D. population E. species

28. Bacteria which live on your skin without causing disease are described as having what kind of symbiotic relationship with you? a. commensalism b. mutualism c. parasitism d. pathogenesis e. heterotrophism

29. Which of the following is a general trend in the evolution of the plant kingdom? a. small plants to large plants b. increasing dominance of the gametophyte stage c. diminution of the gametophyte stage d. increasing efficiency of photosynthesis e. increasingly complex seeds

30. Angiosperms are the most successful terrestrial plants. This success is associated with all of the following except A.xylem with vessels. B. sperm cells with flagella C. animal pollination D. reduced gametophytes E. fruits enclosing seeds.

31. Fungi…. How are the hyphae and mycelium related to one another? What purpose does chitin have? How is nutrition acquired? What is the difference between saprobes and parasites? What is mycorrhizae? Do they produce asexually or sexually?

32. How do fungi reproduce asexually?

33. -via hyphae or mycelia -via haploid spores (produced by mitosis) -via budding (yeasts)

34. How do fungi produce sexually?

35. Fusion of haploid hyphae ---Dikaryotic stage, sometimes ---diploid stage 1n spores produced by meiosis

36. Which fungi phylum…. Has flagellated zoospores and is responsible for amphibian decline? Includes the bread mold, rhizopus? Forms arbuscular mycorrhizae with plants? Consists of sac fungi? Includes what we think of as mushrooms?