1. South Asia: The Land- Part II Ch. 23 Sec. 1

2. Western Ghats Eastern Ghats

3. Southern Highlands Karnataka Plateau –S. of Deccan –Receives rain instead  lush and green –Lots of spices, plantations, rain forests

4. Karnataka Plateau

7. Islands Sri Lanka broke away from the Indian mass Maldives are small coral atolls (22-26) –Create over 1,000 islets (250 inhabited) –Smallest in Asia –350,000 ppl live here

9. Indus River Mainly thru Pakistan, empties into Arabian Sea Waters orchards, transportation route One of earliest civilization sites Indus Valley Civilization

10. Brahmaputra River Winds thru Himalaya, India, & Bangladesh Meets w/ Ganges R. to form a delta at Bay of Bengal Major inland waterway, travel from bay 800 miles Provides 50% of hydroelectricity to Bangladesh

11. Ganges River Most important by far Begins in ice cave in Him., –About 1,560 miles long –Basin about 400,000 sq. miles Keeps size during dry season, but floods during summer monsoons Revered as sacred by Hindus

12. Indo-Gangetic Plain AKA- North Indian River plain River creates world’s longest fertile, alluvial plain –Over 1/7 of world population lives here –Grasslands/forest cleared for crops (rice, sesame, sugarcane, jute)

13. Natural Resources Water: –Fertile soil, drinking H 2 0, transportation, hydroelectricity, & fish –Countries work together to harness power (India & Bhutan) –Build dams for power & open up new farmland  consistent irrigation

14. Natural Resources Water cont’d –Challenges Dams threaten to flood settlements  resistance The Tarbela Dam (Pakistan) will be unusable soon from built up silt

15. Natural Resources There are oil reserves, but still depend on imported oil There’s natural gas & uranium, too Most still depend on hydroelectricity, fuel wood, & coal

16. Natural Resources India exports 90% of world’s mica (makes electrical equip.) India- leading exporter of iron ore Sri Lanka- a top exporter of graphite (lead) –Also a variety of precious stones

17. Natural Resources Timber –Nepal & Bhutan are covered with conifers (valuable hardwoods) Overcutting is major prob.  soil erosion –India has prized sandalwood –Sri Lanka banned timber exports in 1977 to protect environment