1. Starter
Read 11.4
Answer concept checks 2-4

2. Starter Read page 236 in a book from the back
Compare and contrast DNA and RNA
Define transcription, translation, and codon

3. RNA vs DNA
DNA – deoxyribose
RNA – ribose

4. RNA vs DNA RNA DNA RNA is single stranded DNA is double stranded A-U
G-C
DNA
A-T
RNA is single stranded
DNA is double stranded

5. Protein Synthesis

6. Protein Synthesis Creating proteins
Most complex construction in the cell
Numerous molecules and energy
Single gene encodes the information for a single protein
GENE = Section of DNA that codes for a protein.
DNA  RNA  Proteins

7. Transcription – Step 1 of Protein Synthesis
DNA transcribed into mRNA
Enzyme unwinds DNA
mRNA gets constructed
Enzyme bonds the RNA nucleotides together using the DNA gene as its template
mRNA leaves the DNA strand and nucleus
Goes to the cytoplasm
DNA reforms with its hydrogen bonds

9. 3’ – TACGGCCCCTAATGCAAAATT – 5’ 5’ – ATGCCGGGGATTACGTTTTAA – 3’
Read Page 238
Answer question 1 on page 241
Go through transcription using the bold and underlined sequence as your gene sequence.
3’ – TACGGCCCCTAATGCAAAATT – 5’
5’ – ATGCCGGGGATTACGTTTTAA – 3’
3’ – TACAATGTTACCTGCGTCACT – 5’
5’ – ATGTTACAATGGACGCAGTGA – 3’

10. Starter
Explain transcription.

11. Translation – Step 2 of protein synthesis
Ribosome attaches to the mRNA in the cytoplasm
mRNA divided into codons
These codons are sections of 3 mRNA nucleotides
They code for a protein by:
Determining the order of specific amino acids
tRNA reads mRNA Codon by codon

12. tRNA Decodes mRNA to proteins One end forms base pairs with mRNA
Anticodon
Opposite end
Site for AA

13. Protein is complete Initiation Start codon (AUG) Elongation
Translation – Step 2 of protein synthesis – after the ribosome is attached
Initiation
Start codon (AUG)
Elongation
Amino acids are being added to each other
Codon by codon
Termination
mRNA has stop codon
No AA
Protein is complete

15. Assignment Read Pages 239-241 3’ – TACGGCCCCTAATGCAAAATT – 5’
Ignore the top of the page (Editing RNA)
Answer concept Checks 3 and 4.
Write down a question about something you don’t understand with protein synthesis.
Go through transcription and translation of the following sequences:
3’ – TACGGCCCCTAATGCAAAATT – 5’
5’ – ATGCCGGGGATTACGTTTTAA – 3’
3’ – TACAATGTTACCTGCGTCACT – 5’
5’ – ATGTTACAATGGACGCAGTGA – 3’

16. Answers
mRNA AUGCCGGGGAUUACGUUUUAA AA sequence MET – PRO – GLY – ILE – THR – PHE – STOP AUGUUACAAUGGACGCAGUGA MET – LEU – GLN – TRP – THR – GLN - STOP

17. Your turn. Go through transcription and translation with the following DNA sequences.
3’ – TACGGCCCCTAATGCAAAATT – 5’ 5’ – ATGCCGGGGATTACGTTTTAA – 3’ 3’ – TACAATGTTACCTGCGTCACT – 5’ 5’ – ATGTTACAATGGACGCAGTGA – 3’