1. 1v1 Availability Tracking as a Means to Increase LHC Physics Production B. Todd 1, A. Apollonio 1 and L. Ponce 1 1 CERN – European Organisation for Nuclear Research, Switzerland

2. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 2 1. LHC and Injectors process, metrics Key Performance Indicators 2. Availability fault time, impact on physics 2012 experience, limitations 3. The Future cannot rigorously correlate impact on physics using current information: need to track faults … tracking faults, asset and maintenance management are all related inverse femtobarn is the LHC’s Key Performance Indicator … … a function of time in physics, faults, beam performance and turnaround time tracking faults gives a means to improve physics production … & machine understanding Outline

3. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 LHC and Injectors

4. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 CERN Accelerator Complex Lake Geneva Geneva Airport CERN LAB 1 (Switzerland) CERN LAB 2 (France)

5. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 CERN Accelerator Complex Lake Geneva Geneva Airport CERN LAB 1 (Switzerland) CERN LAB 2 (France) Proton Synchrotron (PS) Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) Large Hadron Collider (LHC) 27km long 150m underground

6. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 CERN, the LHC and Machine Protection CERN 6 of 23 Accelerator Complex Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Beam-1 Transfer Line (TI2) Beam-2 Transfer Line (TI8) Beam Dumping Systems Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) 100us for one turn,

7. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 CERN Accelerator Complex CMS ALICE ATLAS LHC-b

8. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 CERN Accelerator Complex CMS ALICE ATLAS LHC-b

9. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 Key Performance Indicators KPI of the LHC as a proton-physics machine = 20103.5 20113.5 20124.0 LS 1-2 ≈6.5 Year Peak Energy [TeV] 9 [1,2,3] 4.0 x 10 13 2.0 x 10 14 2.2 x 10 14 ≈3 x 10 14 Peak Intensity [p] 2.0 x 10 32 3.6 x 10 33 7.7 x 10 33 ≈1 x 10 34 Peak Luminosity [cm -2 s -1 ] <0.1 ≈5.3 ≈23.3 ? Integrated Luminosity [fb -1 ]

10. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 Integrated Luminosity Model 10 integrated luminosity is a function of… 1.time colliding physics beams 2.turnaround between successive physics beams 3.time to clear faults 4.physics performance during colliding beams machine understanding availability!

11. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 2012 Availability

12. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 Post Mortem : Dump Cause – 2012 12 [5] 585 in total 12.7%  3.7%  22.8%  355  2010 in green

13. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 Post Mortem : Dump Cause – 2012 13 [5] 11 26 74 228 246 585 dumps

14. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 Operations : Lost Physics & Fault Time 14 Lost Physics= stable beams cut short Fault Time = waiting to re-start + impact on physics:

15. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 Mean Stable Beams @ End of Fill – 2012 15 [4]

16. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 Lost Physics 16 Average time in physics when reaching End of Fill = 9 hours … good turnaround = 3 hours if fill did not have 9 hours stable beams : dump cause is assigned up to 3 hours lost physics Lost Physics= stable beams cut short by faults

17. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 Operations : Lost Physics per Cause 17 345 causes = 812h = 34 days [5] 812 hours lost physics

18. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 Fault Time 18 Fault Time= time to repair a faulty system

19. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 Operations : Fault Time per Cause 19 [6] 1524 hours = 64 days = fault time

20. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 Operations : Lost Physics + Fault Time 20 [5] 812 hours = 34 days = lost physics

21. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 Operations : Lost Physics + Fault Time 21 [5 + 6] 812 hours = 34 days = lost physics 1524 hours = 64 days = fault time

22. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 Past vs. Future

23. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 Limits of the 2012 Study 23 1. information capture should be easier and rigorous… + tracking and understanding faults is inconsistent. 3. Information analysis should be easier… + better tools needed + Simple, easy to use 2. Dealing with parallel / hidden / dependent faults should be built in… + find one fault, fix it, find another, fix it, … etc… Availability Working Group investigating “cardiogram” visually reveals weaknesses of current methods

24. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 “LHC Cardiogram” – August 2012 24 energy beam-1 intensity beam-2 intensity stable beams = producing physics post-mortem = beam dump faults recorded LHC Cardiogram – a new way of seeing LHC availability

25. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 “LHC Cardiogram” – August 2012 25 energy beam-1 intensity beam-2 intensity stable beams = producing physics post-mortem = beam dump faults recorded LHC Cardiogram – a new way of seeing LHC availability

26. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 “LHC Cardiogram” – August 2012 26 LHC Cardiogram – a new way of seeing LHC availability

27. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 “LHC Cardiogram” – August 2012 27 LHC Cardiogram – a new way of seeing LHC availability conclusions based on 2012 study are weakened need consistent recording of fault information before looking for areas to improvement

28. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 In closing - I argue that… 28 … if we are serious about improving the physics-performance of LHC: 1.maximise the machine understanding and operator skill – OP’s business 2.track and analyse fault information to drive availability optimisation – all of our business LHC Availability Working Group is studying above hypothesis #2 Proposal for an LHC Systems Availability Tracker being developed part of an integrated event & asset management approach?

29. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 bis-smp-team@cern.ch 29 SMP @ MPP CERN fin thank you!

30. CERN benjamin.todd@cern.ch Asset and Maintenance Management Workshop 2013 References From the Chamonix Performance Workshop 2011 http://indico.cern.ch/conferenceOtherViews.py?view=standard&confId=103957 [1] 30 Extracted from http://lhc-statistics.web.cern.ch/LHC-Statistics/index.php http://lhc-statistics.web.cern.ch/LHC-Statistics/index.php [2] Extrapolated from W. Herr’s talk: “Luminosity Performance Reach After LS1” [3] Extracted from PM database and timber “STABLE BEAMS” flag[4] PM database Extracted from 1st March – 6th December 2012[5] Sort by MPS Dump Cause. Discard EOF, MD & MPS TEST[6]