1. Warm Up, November 6 th, 2013 1)Explain why upwelling occurs and what it does when it does occur? 2)What are the two key ingredients needed for eutrophication to occur? 3 Observations 2 Inferences

2. Bill Nye – Finish Video (7:30)

3. Water Quality – Guided Notes -pH level -temperature (thermal pollution) -turbidity -bio-indicators -dissolved oxygen -salinity -phosphates and nitrates (Phosphorous and Nitrogen)

4. Water Quality – pH level -pH stands for the potential of Hydrogen in water. -Here’s the pH scale:

5. Water Quality – Thermal pollution -Changing the water quality by adding heated water to a non-heated water source.

6. Water Quality – Turbidity -Turbidity is how cloudy a substance is, basically. Which picture is more turbid? -Which would you rather swim in…?

7. Water Quality – Salinity How much salt is in water, should know this. PPT means parts per thousand. For example, if in 1000 grams of water, there are 30 grams of salt, it’s ocean water!

8. Water Quality – Dissolved oxygen -The amount of oxygen (yes the gas) dissolved into water. It gets there by rapid movement of water, diffusion, and as a byproduct of photosynthesis!

9. Water Quality – Phosphates and Nitrates -Runoff, fertilizer, eutrophication...

10. LET’S SAY: YOU WORK IN A GOLD MINE. $$$$$$$ Deep underground

11. And the mine EXPLODES!

12. The lucky ones escape!

13. But not all of them…so how do you know when it’s safe?

14. Use a BIO-INDICATOR!!!

15. Take a little canary for instance… Canary as a bio-indicator Toss one down the mine.

16. When the canary flies into the mine, if it survives, it’s safe to go into the mine! The canary (BIOlogical life) INDICATES it’s SAFE!!!!!!

17. A live canary is a BIO-INDICATOR that it’s safe to enter a damaged mine.

18. If a bio-indicator doesn’t survive, it’s not safe! Canary doesn’t make it.

19. If a bio-indicator doesn’t survive, it’s not safe! Canary doesn’t make it. Neither will the miners! BIO-INDICATORS can tell us when our environment is harmful.

20. So let’s say you just bought a nice home somewhere on Lake Norman. But what if the water around your home could be bad? That’d be awful & expensive ($$$). You could test for dissolved oxygen, pH, nitrates, even turbidity. But there’s an easier way.

21. Sensitive critters can warn you! BIO-INDICATORS Small living things are more sensitive to our environments & can tell us when our water, food, land or air is not safe. That’s a bio-indicator!

22. Each group picks 3 bug samples found at Lake Norman. These bugs were found Living in the water near your new beach home! Identify your bugs, draw your house on Lake Norman, and draw the bugs in the water with their names.

23. KEY – Bug Names 1.Mayfly 2.Crayfish 3.Clam 4.Fishfly 5.Sowbug 6.Leech 7.Scud 8.Caddisfly 9.Riffle Beetle Larva 10.Black Fly 11.Dragonfly 12.Water Penny 13.Planarian 14.Dobsonfly 15.Mussel 16.Riffle Beetle Adult 17.Stonefly 18.Lunged Snail 19.Whirlgig 20.Midge 21.Aquatic Worm 22.Alderfly 23.Cranefly 24.Gilled Snail 25.Damsel Fly

24. Once you’ve identified your dead bugs, add up their value to the environment! These bugs are worth 12. Mayfly Caddisfly Water Penny Planarian Dobsonfly Stonefly These bugs are worth 4. Leech Midge Aquatic Worm Gilled Snail Black Fly Lunged Snail The rest are worth 8 points each.

25. The group with the highest number of sensitive bugs (12 points) have the healthiest water at their new beach home! Add up all 3 of your bug points to see who had the most healthy bio- indicators, happy at your new home!