2. Quiz pp. 637-640 1.Who were Gustave Flaubert, William Thackeray, and Charles Dickens? 2.What was the artistic style that followed Romanticism? 3.Who were Gustave Courbet and Jean-Francois Millet? 4.What German composer transformed opera into “music drama” in the 19 th century and composed the Ring Cycle?

3. Quiz answers 1.Writers/novelists 2.Realism 3.Artists/painters 4.Richard Wagner

4. REALISM 1.A new materialistic outlook in the arts after 1850 2.Rejection of Romanticism 3.New style of painting and literature A Norman Milkmaid at Greville – Jean Francois Millet

5. THE REALIST NOVEL 1.Deals with ordinary characters not strange romantic heroes 2.Avoids flowery and sentimental language 3.Use careful observation and accurate description in their writing 4.Examine social issues

6. Gustave Flaubert 1.Leading French novelist of the 1850- 1860’s 2.Master of the realist novel 3.Madame Bovary 1857 – contempt for bourgeois life/smugness and hypocrisy of the middle class

7. Charles Dickens 1.British realist novelist 2.Wrote numerous classic novels 3.Focused on middle and lower class life 4.Set in the early industrial age 5.David Copperfield, Oliver Twist, A Tale of Two Cities, Great Expectations Charles Dickens

8. Charles Dickens – the greatest 19 th century British novelist

9. Realism in Art 1.Depict everyday life of ordinary people – peasants, workers, prostitutes 2.Attempt at photorealism 3.Natural environment

10. Gustave Courbet & Jean- Francois Millet The Gleaners – Jean Francois Millet Regular Folks Courbet self portrait – “I have never seen angels or goddesses, so I am not interested in painting them.”

11. Music – The Twilight of Romanticism  Richard Wagner 1.German composer 2.Created a German national opera 3.Dramatic music = music + theater/drama 4.Gesamkunstwerk = total work of art 5.Used German epic tales and myths from the past as his themes Der Ring des Nibelungen (The Ring of the Nibelung) is a cycle of four epic operas by the German composer Richard Wagner (1813–83). The works are based loosely on characters from the Norse sagas and the Nibelungenlied