1. Chinese Civil War & Korean War

2. Chinese Civil War Chiang Kai-shek Chiang Kai-shek Unified the Nationalists in southern China Unified the Nationalists in southern China Received about $3 billion in aid from the U.S. Received about $3 billion in aid from the U.S.

3. Chinese Civil War Mao Zedong Mao Zedong Leader of Communists in northern China Leader of Communists in northern China Wanted to make all of China communist. Wanted to make all of China communist. Financial aid from Soviet Union. Financial aid from Soviet Union.

4. Civil War Civil war broke out as early as 1946 Civil war broke out as early as 1946 By 1949 Nationalists were losing By 1949 Nationalists were losing Nationalists forced off of mainland China and onto Taiwan = REPUBLIC OF CHINA Nationalists forced off of mainland China and onto Taiwan = REPUBLIC OF CHINA Mao Zedong controlled Peoples Republic of CHINA, with communism. Mao Zedong controlled Peoples Republic of CHINA, with communism.

5. WHY DID THE U.S. CARE? CHINA = COMMUNIST CHINA = COMMUNIST USSR = COMMUNIST USSR = COMMUNIST USA = CAPITALIST USA = CAPITALIST CONTAINMENT HAD FAILED!!!!! CONTAINMENT HAD FAILED!!!!! IF CHINA COULD BECOME COMMUNIST SO COULD ANY OTHER ASIAN COUNTRY. IF CHINA COULD BECOME COMMUNIST SO COULD ANY OTHER ASIAN COUNTRY.

6. WHAT THIS MEANS FOR THE U.S. $$ ISNT THE SOLUTION $$ ISNT THE SOLUTION U.S. MUST DO MORE TO STOP COMMUNIST THREAT! U.S. MUST DO MORE TO STOP COMMUNIST THREAT! NO MORE COMMUNIST COUNTRIES!! NO MORE COMMUNIST COUNTRIES!!

7. KOREAN WAR / Forgotten War During WWII Japan had invaded Korea During WWII Japan had invaded Korea As the war closes in on Japan & Asia the Allies invade. As the war closes in on Japan & Asia the Allies invade. Soviets invade from North Soviets invade from North America invades from South to the 38 parallel. America invades from South to the 38 parallel.

8. Forgotten WAR CONT… North of 38 parallel became Communist = NORTH KOREA (Pyongyang) North of 38 parallel became Communist = NORTH KOREA (Pyongyang) South of 38 parallel became Democratic = SOUTH KOREA (Seoul) South of 38 parallel became Democratic = SOUTH KOREA (Seoul) Each government claims to be the Real version Each government claims to be the Real version

9. INVASION OF SOUTH KOREA July 25, 1950 – North Korea surprise attack against South Korea. July 25, 1950 – North Korea surprise attack against South Korea. America caught off guard America caught off guard Truman calls for naval and air forces. Truman calls for naval and air forces. UN members send 520,000 troops UN members send 520,000 troops 590,000 Korean troops 590,000 Korean troops All troops were placed under MacArthurs command. All troops were placed under MacArthurs command.

10. June 1950

11. AMERICAN FEARS TRUMAN WAS AFRAID KOREAN WAR WOULD = INTERNATIONAL WAR

12. SEPTEMBER 1950 U.S troops pushed to PUSAN U.S troops pushed to PUSAN

13. Next six weeks is desperate Next six weeks is desperate Bloody struggle as North Koreans threw everything at American and ROK (South Korean) forces in an effort to regain control. Bloody struggle as North Koreans threw everything at American and ROK (South Korean) forces in an effort to regain control. Attempt to gain complete control over Korea. Attempt to gain complete control over Korea.

14. October 1950 MacArthurs Miracle Counterattack

15. MacArthur changes the course of war MacArthur changes the course of war Communist China tries to warn North Korea, but NK ignores warning. Communist China tries to warn North Korea, but NK ignores warning. Throws off North Koreans Throws off North Koreans Double invasion Double invasion

16. October 1950 U.S. forces invade North Korea

17. Chinese Threat Truman clamed by MacArthur… Truman clamed by MacArthur… "We are no longer fearful of their intervention,...if the Chinese tried to get down to Pyongyang there would be the greatest slaughter."

18. GUESS WHAT????

19. NOVEMBER 1950 300,000 CHINESE FORCES INVADE NK 300,000 CHINESE FORCES INVADE NK

20. THE CHINESE ARE COMING!!! Chinese push U.S. Troops back Chinese push U.S. Troops back Past 38 Parallel Past 38 Parallel Seoul changes hands again= 3 rd time Seoul changes hands again= 3 rd time

21. JAN-MAR 1951

22. MEATGRINDERMEATGRINDER Slowly U.S. troops push NK & Chinese back to 38 parallel Slowly U.S. troops push NK & Chinese back to 38 parallel Seoul changes hands (for 4 th and last time) Seoul changes hands (for 4 th and last time) Inflicted heavy casualties on the Chinese and North Koreans Inflicted heavy casualties on the Chinese and North Koreans MacArthur fired by Truman for insubordination MacArthur fired by Truman for insubordination

23. END OF WAR? Stalemate lasted for 2 more years Stalemate lasted for 2 more years 54,000 Americans killed 54,000 Americans killed More than 2 million Intl More than 2 million Intl Armistice signed July 27, 1953 Armistice signed July 27, 1953

25. WE ALSO LEARNED #1 Local conflict stays local = NO WORLD WAR #1 Local conflict stays local = NO WORLD WAR #2 Leaves inconclusive decisions. #2 Leaves inconclusive decisions. Ex: Did we stop communism? Ex: Did we stop communism? EX: Did we help anyone? EX: Did we help anyone? EX: Was it worth it? EX: Was it worth it? Only time can tell. Only time can tell.

26. RESULTS OF THE WAR Still a NK & SK Still a NK & SK NK is nuclear threat NK is nuclear threat SK surviving economically SK surviving economically NK struggling with food storages/energy NK struggling with food storages/energy U.S. still has about 40,000 troops there. U.S. still has about 40,000 troops there.

27. 2000 SUMMER OLYMPICS N & S KOREA unveiled a unified flag and marched into Olympic stadium TOGETHER. N & S KOREA unveiled a unified flag and marched into Olympic stadium TOGETHER. Currently experimenting with a SINGLE Korea, but still talks very difficult. Currently experimenting with a SINGLE Korea, but still talks very difficult.