1. Club Night Introduction To Aerobatics

2. PRECISION

3. SMOOTH & GRACEFUL

4. POSITIONING

5. SIZE (Relative to manoeuvring area, and relative to other manoeuvres)

6. SIZE SMOOTHNESS & GRACEFULNESS POSITIONING PRECISION APPROXIMATE WEIGHTING (guide only!)

7. 100% PRECISION + SMOOTH & GRACEFUL + CORRECT POSITIONING + CORRECT SIZE = 10 POINTS!

8. WIND CORRECTION Flight path of model aircraft must describe correct geometric shape

9. ATTITUDE vs. FLIGHT PATH

10. ARESTI SYSTEM Start of manoeuvre End of manoeuvre Upright, positive G Inverted, negative G Rolling circle (3 outside) Inverted rolling circle (1 inside) Positive G spin (upright) Negative G spin (inverted) 2 1 / 2 Negative spin (inverted) 2 Positive G spins (reverse direction) Stall turn Avalanche (negative snap) Humpty bump (centre) Humpty bump (turnaround) Cross-box manoeuvre (horizontal flight always inverted)

11. ARESTI SYSTEM 90 0 angle/corner (1/4 loop) 45 0 ( 1 / 8 loop) 135 0 ( 3 / 8 loop) 180 0 ( 1 / 2 loop) 1/8 loop and 5/8 loop Slow roll (aileron) Half roll 1 1 / 2 rolls, reversed 2-point roll 4-point roll 8-point roll 2 of 4-point roll Knife-edge flight 3 of 2-point roll Positive G snap roll 2 snaps opposite 1 1 / 2 positive G snaps Negative G snap roll Loop with 2-point roll (contained to top of loop) Rolling loop (roll is integrated with loop)

12. This = minus 2 points! Each segmen- tation... minus 1 point! All part-loop radii equal. Minor mis-relation… minus 1 point! Radii too tight... Good compromise! …too open/loose... LOOPS

13. Roll not on middle of line... This example, minus 3 points! Difference in roll rate… minus 1 point! Different time duration on points… minus 1 point for each! Different roll rate… minus 1 point! Roll rate not constant (increasing here)… this example minus 3 or 4 points! ROLLS

14. STALL TURNS Up to ½ span radius of pivot… minus 1 point! Up to one wing span radius... minus 2 points! No line before roll… minus 3 points! Roll on middle of line... no downgrade! Up to 15 0 off vertical… minus 1 point! Wing-over = 2 wing spans or more. Flop forwards, or backwards… ZERO! Pivot on CG… no downgrade! Roll not on middle of line... minus 1 point! Pendulu m after stall... minus 1! Roll not on middle... minus 1 point! Up to 1½ wing span radius... minus 6/7 points! Wing-over… ZERO! Torque-off… 1pt/15 deg. downgrade

15. SNAP ROLLS A snap roll is basically a spin in the horizontal axis. The model aircraft rolls rapidly, with a continuous high angle of attack (positive and negative). The tail should describe a corkscrew path Barrel roll…scores ZERO! “BREAK” here (separation of fuselage attitude from flight path) FLIGHT PATH (centre of gravity) must be level

16. SNAP ROLLS POSITIVE SNAP ROLL + DOWN elevator NEGATIVE SNAP ROLL _ UP elevator

17. SNAP ROLLS If it is not a BARREL ROLL... A SNAP ROLL! …and it’s not an an AXIAL ROLL... …then it’s probably...

18. SPINS Stall… nose and wing drops… rotation starts Nose-up attitude Nose-up attitude increases Level entry 15 0 to 30 0 …minus 2! 90 0 overspin...minus 6! Up to 15 0 …minus 1! 30 0 to 45 0 …minus 3! Vertical downline after spin STOP, with no over- or under-spin Model aircraft spins around CG

19. SPINS Wing lift (snap entry)…ZERO! Forced with down-elevator… minus 2 or 3! Climbing… minus 1! Spiral dive…scores ZERO!

20. LOOP/ROLL/LINE COMBINATIONS Tight radius… minus 3 points for this example! 1/8 loop 5/8 loop 1/2 roll on middle of line Radii equal HALF CUBAN 8 Radii all equal 1/2 roll not on middle of line… minus 1 point! 1/4 loop 1/2 loop HUMPTY BUMP

21. DOUBLE IMMELMANN IS NOT A SAUSAGE Radii are equal 1/2 loop DOUBLE IMMELMANN (note shape…two loops are joining! 1/2 loop 1/2 roll directly after 1/2 loop Line before 1/2 roll... minus 2 points! SINGLE IMMELMANN Line before 1/2 roll... minus 2 points! 1/2 roll directly after 1/2 loop LOOP/ROLL/LINE COMBINATIONS

22. Radii all equal SQUARE LOOP ON CORNER All lines 45 0. All lines equal length Rolls in middle of lines 1/8 loop entry and exit 1 / 4 loop 1 / 4 loop 1 / 4 loop 1/2 roll on middle of line FIGURE 9 1/4 loop 3/4 loop Radii equal LOOP/ROLL/LINE COMBINATIONS

23. 1/2 roll on middle of line 45 0 DOWN 1/8 loop Radii equal 1/8 loop Radii all equal GOLF BALL 1/8 loop 1/8 loop 3/4 loop LOOP/ROLL/LINE COMBINATIONS

24. LOOPS WITH 1/2 ROLLS Loops must be ROUND! 4 5 7 8 1/2 rolls integrated with loop Rapid rolls at bottom should score less LOOP/ROLL/LINE COMBINATIONS

25. VERTICAL 8 (Note shape: loops are barely touching) HUMPTY BUMP 1/4 loop 1/2 loop 1/4 loop Straight flight here… downgraded! Loop not round Loop not round Radii not equal! LOOP/ROLL/LINE COMBINATIONS

26. CENTRE POSITIONING Off-centre positioning… minus 3 or 4 points! (for this example)

27. CENTRE POSITIONING Off-centre positioning… minus 2 or 3 points! (for this example)

28. TURNAROUND POSITIONING

29. Motivation 1 Good enough never is

30. Motivation 2 Quitters never win. Winners never quit.

31. Motivation 3 Out-think, Out-manoeuvre, Out-perform your competitors

32. Motivation 4 Coming second, is like kissing your sister!

33. The End And Thank You