1. Atoms to Ions

2. The Atom Let’s look at Sodium Na 2 8 1 Number of Protons Number of Electrons Over all charge Atomic Number 11 11 + 11 - 0 neutral

3. The Atom Let’s look at Sodium Na 2 8 1 Number of Protons Number of Electrons Over all charge Atomic Number 11 11 + 11 - 0 neutral

4. The Atom Let’s look at Sodium Na 2 8 1 Oohh Sodium doesn’t like that. 1 It wants a “happy” shell

5. The Atom Let’s look at Sodium Na 2 8 1 Na 2 8 8 It could gain 7 Na 2 8 1 Na 2 8 or drop 1 Dropping 1 is easier sooooo

6. The Atom Let’s look at Sodium Na 2 8 1 Na 2 8 Number of Electrons Over all charge Atomic Number 11 Number of Protons 11 + 11 - 0 neutral 10 - 1 positive The ION

7. The Atom Let’s look at Sodium Na ION 1+ The ION NEUTRAL atom

8. The Atom Let’s look at Oxygen O 2 6 Over all charge Atomic Number 8 Number of Protons 8+8+ Number of Electrons 8-8- 0 neutral

9. The Atom Let’s look at Oxygen O 2 6 Oohh Oxygen doesn’t like that 6

10. The Atom Let’s look at Oxygen O 2 6 O 2 8 It could gain 2 O 2 6 O 2 or drop 6 Gaining 2 is easier sooooo

11. The Atom Let’s look at Oxygen O 2 6 O 2 8 Number of Electrons Over all charge Atomic Number 8 Number of Protons 8+8+ 8-8- 0 neutral 10 - 2 negative The ION

12. The Atom Let’s look at Oxygen OO ION 2-2- NEUTRAL atom The ION

13. To make life a bit easier remember these questions 1. Is it a metal or a non metal? 2. Is it a plus or a minus? 3. Valance Number ? You DO remember valance numbers??

14. The ION Let’s try Aluminium 1. Is it a metal or a non metal? 2. Is it a plus or a minus? 3. Valance Number ? METAL Al PLUS + 3 3

15. The ION Let’s try Sulphur 1. Is it a metal or a non metal? 2. Is it a plus or a minus? 3. Valance Number ? NON-METAL S MINUS - 2 2

16. Lots of Happy Ions