1. Metals The Periodic Table Nonmetals Metalloids Period Group
Properties vary
Total of 7 periods
The Periodic Table
Group
Have similar properties
Total of 18 groups
Nonmetals
Metals
Group or family
Metalloids
Period
On this slide, be sure to point out the various groups and have them write them on their periodic table. They will have to memorize these for the test!

2. Groups
The vertical columns on the periodic table are called groups or families.
Groups are numbered 1-18 on the periodic table
Elements belonging to the same group have similar properties

3. Periods
The horizontal row of elements on the periodic table are called periods or series.
Periods are numbered 1-7.
The closer two elements are to one another in a period, the more similar their properties.

4. Pause for a Cause Learning Activity #1
Identify the element located in:
Group 2 Period 4
Group 17 Period 6
Group 13 Period 2
Group 10 Period 4
Group 1 Period 1

5. Metals, nonmetals, and metalloids can be located on the periodic table by knowing where to find the metalloid line!

6. Properties of Metals
Conductive- metals are good conductors of heat and electricity
Malleable- metals can be hammered into thin sheets
Ductile- can be drawn into thin wire
Tenacious- metals have high tensile strength and resist being pulled apart
Lustery- metals are recognized by their shine

7. Examples of Metals
Potassium, K reacts with water and must be stored in kerosene
Copper, Cu, is a relatively soft metal, and a very good electrical conductor.
Mercury, Hg, is the only metal that exists as a liquid at room temperature

8. Properties of Nonmetals
Carbon, the graphite in “pencil lead” is a great example of a nonmetallic element.
Nonmetals are poor conductors of heat and electricity
Nonmetals tend to be brittle
Many nonmetals are gases at room temperature

9. Examples of Nonmetals
Microspheres of phosphorus, P, a reactive nonmetal
Sulfur, S, was once known as “brimstone”
Graphite is not the only pure form of carbon, C. Diamond is also carbon; the color comes from impurities caught within the crystal structure

10. Properties of Metalloids
Metalloids straddle the border between metals and nonmetals on the periodic table.
They have properties of both metals and nonmetals.
Metalloids are more brittle than metals, less brittle than most nonmetallic solids
Metalloids are semiconductors of electricity
Some metalloids possess metallic luster

11. Silicon, Si – A Metalloid
Silicon has metallic luster
Silicon is brittle like a nonmetal
Silicon is a semiconductor of electricity
Other metalloids include:
Boron, B
Germanium, Ge
Arsenic, As
Antimony, Sb
Tellurium, Te

12. Pause for a Cause Learning Activity #2
Tell whether each of the following elements is a metal, nonmetal, metalloid:
Silicon
Chlorine
Sodium
Iron
Antimony
Radon
Cesium
Sulfur

13. The Properties of a Group: the Alkali Metals
Have a silvery appearance and are soft enough to cut with a knife.
Not found in nature as free elements.
React violently with water
React with halogens to form salts

14. The Properties of a Group: the Alkaline-Earth Metals
 Harder, denser, and stronger than alkali metals.
Higher melting points than alkali metals.
Not found in nature as free elements.

15. The Properties of a Group: the Transition Elements
 Good conductors of electricity and have a higher luster.
Less reactive than the alkali metals and the alkaline-earth metals
Some exist as free elements

16. The Properties of a Group: the Halogens
 Most reactive nonmetals.
React with most metals to form salts.

17. Noble Gases – Group 18 Elements
Unreactive
Gases at room temperature
Neon, argon, krypton and xenon are used in lighting
Helium is used in balloons

18. Learning Activity #3
The following questions refer to the following elements
Sodium
Fluorine
Boron
Argon
Does not interact readily with other elements
Reacts explosively with water
Is classified as a halogen