1. 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

2. 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system
Essential question
What are the structures of the
respiratory system?
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

3. Respiratory System Respiration = Breathing.
System that helps us breathe.
Brings oxygen in & takes carbon dioxide out.
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

4. Structures of the respiratory system
Upper Respiratory System
Nose
Sinuses
Pharynx
Epiglottis
Larynx
Lower Respiratory System
Trachea
Lungs
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

5. Structures of the Upper Respiratory System
Nose
Nasal cavity – space behind the nose
Nasal septum – cartilage that divides the nose into right and left sides
Cilia – nose hairs; filter the air
Function -area where air enters
-filters, warms, & moistens air
-smell
Why do we have nose hair?

6. Structures of the Upper Respiratory System
Sinuses - Cavities in the skull.
Ducts connect sinuses to the nasal cavity
Lined with mucous membrane to produce mucous for the respiratory tract.
Functions - also warms and moistens the air
-Provides resonance to the voice
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

7. Structures of the Upper Respiratory System
*Pharynx (aka: throat)
*Commom passageway for air and food
About 5” long
Extends from nasal cavity to the division of trachea and esophagus
Function- *Commom passageway for air and food
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

8. Structures of the Upper Respiratory System
Epiglottis-
A flap or lid that closes over the opening to the larynx.
Function-
Opens for air passage to trachea.
Closes for food to go to the esophagus
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

9. Structures of the Upper Respiratory System
Larynx
(aka: Voice box))
Triangular chamber below pharynx
Within the larynx are vocal cords, the glottis
Also called the Adam’s Apple
Function- Sound
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

10. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System
*Trachea (aka: windpipe)-
*Extends from the larynx, in front
of the esophagus and forms the 2
bronchi
Approximately 4 ½” long
The walls are composed of alternate bands of membrane and C-shaped rings of hyaline cartilage.
Lined with ciliated mucous membrane

11. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System
LUNGS:
Bronchus–
The bronchus are at the lower end of trachea, divided into right and left bronchi
Made of a ciliated mucous membrane and hyaline cartilage
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

12. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System
LUNGS:
Bronchioles-
As the bronchus enter the lungs, they subdivide into smaller bronchial tubes and into bronchioles.
Thinner walls of smooth muscle
Lined with ciliated epithelium

13. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System
LUNGS:
*Alveoli-
The alveoli are located in clusters at the ends of the bronchioles
*Contain SURFACTANT (lipid/fatty material that lines the alveoli and keeps them from collapsing)
Each alveolus is surrounded by capillaries
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

14. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System
LUNGS:
*The lungs are located in the
thoracic cavity
Apex (top)
Base (mid to lower)
Fit snugly over diaphragm.
Lung tissue is porous and spongy.
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

15. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System
Right lung
Larger and shorter than the left lung
Displaced by the liver
3 lobes
Left lung
Smaller than the right side
Displaced by the heart
2 lobes
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

16. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System
LUNGS
*Pleura-
*Thin, moist slippery membranes that cover the outside of the lungs
Double-walled sac
Space is pleural cavity – filled with pleural fluid
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

17. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System
Mediastinum-
A septum or cavity between two principal portions of an organ.
Contains the heart and its large vessels, trachea, esophagus, thymus, lymph nodes, and connective tissue
Also called the interpleural space
Located between the lungs
Contains the thoracic viscera
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

18. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System
Diaphragm-
Dome-shaped muscle separating the thoracic and abdominal cavities
Helps control breathing
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

19. Let’s review the structures of the respiratory system …
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

20. 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system
Essential question
What are the structures of the
respiratory system?
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system