1. Unit 1: Exploration Chapters 1-2, Dual/AP/Honors Chapter 1, CP Discovering the New World (867-1607 AD)

2. Who discovered the New World first? Theories Native Americans Vikings Chinese Irish missionaries Afro-Phoenicians

3. How did the first people come to the New World? Siberian-Alaskan land bridge during the Ice Age 40,000 years ago Hunters, gatherers Followed woolly mammoth herds

4. Ancient Cultures of the Americas Agricultural Revolution 5,000-10,000 years ago Started in Mexico Corn, beans, peppers, pumpkins Ancient Civilizations in Central America Mayans Aztecs Incas

5. Native American Cultures

6. Hunter-gatherers Farmers Fishing Organized governments and religions Anasazi (Cliff Dwellers) Plains Indians

7. First Europeans Arrive (according to most textbooks) Vikings (Norsemen, Danes) Scandinavia--Sweden, Norway, Finland Heathens, dangerous Raids/pillaging Colonization Iceland (867 AD) Greenland (982 AD) Vinland (1000 AD) Newfoundland Why do they get credit? Ship building White

8. Vikings: Fact vs. Fiction Horned helmets Savages Pillagers Unclean Eric the Red Greenland

9. Why didn’t word of discovery of this new continent spread? Vikings did not get along with other Europeans. Land bridge disappeared and Native Americans stopped coming.

10. Background for European Exploration What Europe was like: Feudal system (peasants) Roman Catholic Church Changes that brought about exploration: Crusades—holy wars in Middle East--military Increased trade with Orient--economic Protestant Reformation--religious Improvements in ship technology—rudder, map making, compass, ship construction-- scientific Rise of powerful nation-states who wanted empires --political

11. Other Europeans Find the New World Why did they explore? Find an all-water route to Asia for spices To find gold and other precious minerals. Expand their knowledge of the world. To have an empire. To expand Christianity. To find animal furs. Overland Trade Routes

12. Which countries sent explorers? Spain—Columbus (1492—Bahamas), conquistadors Italy Portugal France England Major World Powers (1500)

13. Voyages of Exploration

14. Results of Exploration Rivalries developed between European nation nationalism imperialism Mercantilism—countries wanted to expand to boost their nation’s economies (Triangular Trade) Cultural diffusion End to many Indian cultures Disease—90% Murder

15. Mercantilism Belief that a nation’s wealth was measured by how much gold and silver it had. Belief that the government should regulate trade (taxes, tariffs). Belief that a mother country and her colonies work together to be self- sufficient (Triangular Trade)

16. Triangular Trade

17. Worlds Collide Activity Your group will research one of the following topics: Native Americans and Europeans Africans and Europeans Answer these questions about your topic: What was the relationship between the groups? What advantages and disadvantages did each group have? Which group dominated and why? What lasting effects did each group leave on America?

18. European Colonization of the New World European Power Area SettledMethods of Land Distribution/Se ttlement Patterns Reasons for Colonization (economic, religious, etc.) Government Structure Relationship with Native Americans Contributions to America BRITISH SPANISH FRENCH DUTCH

19. Cultural Diffusion Meshing of cultures Government Religion Language Foods Clothing Music Technology (gunpowder, compass) Columbian Exchange Old & New World Globalization Columbus landing in New World