1. Church & Empire in Tension

2.  Boniface & Bede  Furthered monastic accomplishments in missionary work and scholarship  Boniface: established monasteries and traveled throughout Germany – converted pagans with his logic/preaching  Crowned Pepin “King of the Franks” ◦ Foreshadowed entanglement of church/state

3.  Spent his entire life in one monastery, studying, teaching, and writing his History of the English Church & People

4.  Name a false “idol” that can be found in society today – something that people wrongly assume is of ultimate value -

5.  Pepin’s protection of Rome and donation of Papal States entangled church in state affairs  Charlemagne: ◦ Conquered barbarian tribes & forced their conversion to Christianity ◦ Reunited Roman Empire ◦ Protected the Church, appointed clergy to high governmental positions, dominated church affairs

6.  What are advantages & disadvantages of acquiring more and more costly material possessions?

7.  Late 800s: Feudalism offered stability  Overlords & Kings  Vassals  Serfs  Bishops & Abbots often had large landholdings, and monasteries reflected feudal estates in organization, management, and self-sufficiency

8.  Empire weakened after death of Charlemagne – lacked power of central authority  Viking invasion occurred throughout Europe ◦ Ansgar, bishop leader of Christian missionaries eventually converted Viking invaders

9.  Slavs: ancestors of today’s Czechs, Slovaks, Serbians, Poles & Russian  Cyril & Methodius: Byzantine emperor sent these two Greek brothers to do missionary work amongst the Slavs ◦ Devised a Slavic alphabet – called Cyrillic ◦ Translated Gospel into this language ◦ Many conversion followed ◦ Some objected to Mass offered in language other than Greek or Latin…but pope eventually accepted

10.  Eastern & Western rulers regarded the church as another department in their government ◦ How could this lead to potential conflict??

11.  Holy Roman Empire  Pope John XII  Papal States  Cluny  Vladimir I  Charlemagne