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ECON 308 Product Pricing with Monopoly Power Chapter 7 October 1 st – 6 th, 2009
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Price Discrimination Charging different prices for different units sold. Allows firms to increase sales and capture more of consumer surplus.
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Monopoly Pricing: Single Price $ Price Qty/T Demand Marginal Cost MR Pm Qm Potential Efficiency loss
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First Degree: Charging different customers different prices. First Degree: Charging different customers different prices. Auction College scholarships
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First Degree First Degree: Different Prices for different buyers $ Price Qty/T Demand Marginal Cost MR Tuition Qm Scholarship Amount
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First Degree: Charging different customers different prices. First Degree: Charging different customers different prices. Auction College scholarships IBM Punch Cards Polariod Camera, Film Ink Jet Printers, Cartridges Swiffer, pads Glllette Razor, Blades
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Second Degree: Second Degree: (Quantity Forcing) Offering a schedule of prices to all buyers, which successively lowers the price for additional units, purchased (Moving down each buyers individual demand) Tires: Buy 3, get 4th free. Soft Drinks:Product prices, – medium16 oz. $ 1.09,.07/oz. – large: 22 oz. $ 1.19, extra 6 oz. @.02/oz. – extra large:32 oz. $1.29, extra 10 oz. @.01/ oz. Two Part Tariff: Entry Fee plus per unit –Costco: Membership & Price
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Third Degree: Third Degree: Charging different prices to different groups according to different elasticity of Demand. Grocery coupons Prescription drugs in different countries. Doctors medical services Newly released unique products Movies: Children, Seniors, Middle; Matinee Mail Order Catalogues: Old vs. New Customer Freeway Adjacent Restaurant Brand name mixers on Holiday Sale Mattresses: Match any advertised price Menu
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Necessary Conditions for Successful Price Discrimination Ability to identify and separate buyers by elasticity of demand. Collect different prices from the different buyers Prevent Resale
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