1. Mr Carsington Returns! Chest Pain in Primary Care Justin Walker September 2009

2. Aims  To consider the differential diagnosis of a patient presenting with chest pain  Appropriate initial management  Referral Options

3. Mr Carsington  A 60 year old owner of a fish and chip shop with diabetes who smokes and has a history of high blood pressure says that he made an appointment to see you this morning because he’s had pain in his chest. He didn’t want the bother of an ambulance or to hang about in A&E.  What questions do you ask?

4. Pain  Location  Type  Severity  Radiation  Exacerbating/relieving factors  Duration  Associated symptoms  Previous episodes

5. Cardiac Risk Factors  Male  Diabetes  Smoking  Hypertension  Age  Hypercholesterolaemia  Hyperlipidaemia  Prior CVA.

6. Differential Diagnoses  LIFE THREATENING  Acute myocardial infarction  Angina/Acute coronary syndrome  Pulmonary Embolism  Aortic dissection  Tension pneumothorax  Oesophageal rupture

7. Differential Diagnoses II  Pneumonia  Chest wall pain – muscular, rib fractures, bony metastases, costochondritis  GORD  Pleurisy  Empyema  Pericarditis

8. Differential Diagnoses III  Oesophageal spasm  Herpes Zoster  Cervical spondylosis  Intra-abdominal – cholecystitis, peptic ulceration, pancreatitis  Sickle-cell crisis

9. Where to go?  A&E  Rapid Access Chest Pain Clinic  Cardiology outpatients

10. Ischaemia or Infarction?