1. Green Energy Trash to Gas to Electricity
Jay Babin
OWT Thailand

2. Trash to Gas to Electricity
Use Landfill Gas (LFG) to power an engine to run a generator to produce electricity
Electricity can be used “in-house” or sold to the grid
More gas produced means more power (potentially)
More gas captured means more power
Over 1,200 LFG to energy projects world-wide
From 0.5 MW to >50 MW

3. Trash to Gas to Electricity
Organic material in landfills will biodegrade.
With oxygen present produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and water
Without oxygen (anaerobic) produce methane (CH4), CO2, and water
Thus need to promote anaerobic biodegradation
Couple with enhanced recovery

4. Sanitary Landfill Leachate mgmt Landfill gas mgmt Stormwater mgmt 4
Source: BAGCHI Waste Management 4

8. LFG Utilization (Trash to Cash)

26. Puenta Hills , 50 MW

27. Trash to Gas to Electricity
Landfill gas consists of CH4 (50-60%) CO2 (35-45) and other trace gases (H2S, O2)
Must optimize both gas production as well as gas collection
Collect the gas (horizontal and/or vertical wells)
Pre-treatment (KOP) to remove water
Either Flare
Further treatment (filters/cooler) then generate electricity

30. LFG Generation for 3,000 TPD to 2010

31. LFGE Economics in Thailand
Power Pricing -three components:
VSPP Standard Pricing:
Supply
Peak: THB /kWh
Off-peak: THB /kWh
assume 2.02 Bt/KWh
Ft charge:
THB /kWh
Adder:
THB 2.5/kWh
Total of Bt/kWh
VSPP Power Purchase Agreement (PPA)

32. LFG Economics in Thailand
1 MW/year Electricity produced provides 7,446,000 kWh (assume 85% available)
= 40,559,106 THB/year
=1,329, THB/$US

33. Electricity Revenue (3,000 TPD)
Total electricity revenue is $US 140 Million

34. GHG Revenue 130 m3 of = 1 Tonne of CO2 equivalents
GHG income is 46 M $US
TOTAL Revenue = 186 M $US

35. Costs Extremely variable Power costs ~750 K/MW (7.5 M $US)
Gas Collection Infrastructure 1 M $US/MW = 10 M $US
Infrastructure (compound) cost (~400 K/MW) 4 M $US
Labour 1 M $US/year = 22 M $US
O&M 1 M $US/year = 22 M $US
Total 65.5 M $US
Excluding Gas rights (negotiable)

36. Economics Revenue = 186 M $US Cost = 65.5 M $US
Net (excluding gas rights) is M $US