1. The 1850’s and the Road to Succession & The Civil War (1861-1865) The 1850’s and the Road to Succession & The Civil War (1861-1865)

2. Problems of Balance in 1850 ß California statehood. ß Southern “fire-eaters” threatening secession. ß Underground RR & fugitive slave issues: ß California statehood. ß Southern “fire-eaters” threatening secession. ß Underground RR & fugitive slave issues:

3. Compromise of 1850

4. What was the Missouri Compromise again? Passed in 1820 between the pro- slavery and anti-slavery factions regulating slavery in the western territories. Slavery okay in the former Louisiana Territory north of the parallel 36°30' north except within the boundaries of the proposed state of Missouri.

5. Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854

7. The Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854 (10 Stat. 277) created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, opened new lands that would help settlement in them and repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820. Allowed settlers in those territories to determine if they would allow slavery within their boundaries and to settle there. Problems?

8. “Bleeding Kansas” Border “Ruffians” (pro-slavery Missourians)

9. Bleeding Kansas A struggle for control of Kansas and opponents of slavery. Pro-slavery settlers from Missouri arrived in Kansas and settlers from New England led by John Brown clashed in Kansas. Dozens of settlers on both sides were slaughtered. Foreshadowing maybe?

10. Tragic Prelude By: John Curry Depicting John Brown, an American abolitionist who preached abolition by any means necessary.

11. John Brown’s Raid on Harper’s Ferry, 1859

12. Birth of the Republican Party, 1854 ßNorthern Whigs. ßNorthern Democrats. ßFree-Soilers. ßKnow-Nothings. ßOther miscellaneous opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act. ßNorthern Whigs. ßNorthern Democrats. ßFree-Soilers. ßKnow-Nothings. ßOther miscellaneous opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

13. The “Know-Nothings” [The American Party] ßNativists. ßAnti- Catholics. ßAnti- immigrants. ßNativists. ßAnti- Catholics. ßAnti- immigrants. 1849  Secret Order of the Star- Spangled Banner created in NYC.

14. 1856 Presidential Election √ James Buchanan John C. Frémont Millard Fillmore Democrat Republican Whig

15. 1856 Election Results

16. The Dred Scott Decision In 1957 the Supreme Court ruled that since private ownership was outlined in the Bill of Rights, the Federal government could not deprive anyone from owning slaves, who were seen as property. Abolitionists were outraged by this decision and felt that Southern slaveholders had too much power in government.

17. The Lincoln-Douglas (Illinois Senate) Debates, 1858 A House divided against itself, cannot stand. A House divided against itself, cannot stand.

18. Stephen Douglas & the Freeport Doctrine Popular Sovereignty?

19. 1860 Presiden tial Election √ Abraham Lincoln Republican John Bell Constitutional Union Stephen A. Douglas Northern Democrat John C. Breckinridge Southern Democrat

20. Republican Party Platform in 1860  Non-extension of slavery [for the Free-Soilers.]  Protective tariff [for the No. Industrialists].  No abridgment of rights for immigrants [a disappointment for the “Know-Nothings”].  Government aid to build a Pacific RR [for the Northwest].  Internal improvements [for the West] at federal expense.  Free homesteads for the public domain [for farmers].  Non-extension of slavery [for the Free-Soilers.]  Protective tariff [for the No. Industrialists].  No abridgment of rights for immigrants [a disappointment for the “Know-Nothings”].  Government aid to build a Pacific RR [for the Northwest].  Internal improvements [for the West] at federal expense.  Free homesteads for the public domain [for farmers].

21. 1860 Election: 3 “Outs” & 1 ”Run!”

22. 1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?!

23. 1860 Election Results 1860 Election Results

24. Crittenden Compromise: A Last Ditch Appeal to Sanity Senator John J. Crittenden (Know-Nothing- KY)

25. Secession!: SC  Dec. 20, 1860

26. Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861

27. Rating the North & the South

28. Slave/Free States Population, 1861

29. Railroad Lines, 1860

30. Resources: North & the South

31. The Union & Confederacy in 1861

32. Men Present for Duty in the Civil War

33. Ohio Military Service

34. Soldiers’ Occupations: North/South Combined

35. Immigrants as a % of a State’s Population in 1860

36. The Leaders of the Confederacy Pres. Jefferson Davis VP Alexander Stevens

37. The Confederate “White House”

38. The Confederate Seal MOTTO  “With God As Our Vindicator”

39. A Northern View of Jeff Davis

40. North’s Civil War Strategy: “Anaconda ” Plan North’s Civil War Strategy: “Anaconda ” Plan

41. The “Anaconda” Plan

42. Lincoln’s Generals Irwin McDowell Winfield Scott George McClellan, Again! McClellan George McClellan Ambrose Burnside Joseph Hooker George Meade Ulysses S. Grant

43. McClellan: I Can Do It All!

44. The Confederate Generals Jeb Stuart James Longstreet George Pickett “Stonewall” Jackson Nathan Bedford Forrest Robert E. Lee

45. Battle of Bull Run (1 st Manassas) July, 1861

46. Buy Your Way Out of Military Service

47. War in the East: 1861-1862

48. Battle of Antietam “Bloodiest Single Day of the War up to This point” 23,000 casualties September 17, 1862

49. The Emancipation Proclamation

50. African-American Recruiting Poster

51. The Famous 54 th Massachusetts

52. August Saint-Gaudens Memorial to Col. Robert Gould Shaw

53. African-Americans in Civil War Battles

54. Black Troops Freeing Slaves Black soldiers made a massive difference in the war. Black soldiers made a massive difference in the war. After emancipation many blacks joined the war effort with 38,000 dying for the cause. After emancipation many blacks joined the war effort with 38,000 dying for the cause. Approximately 180,000 blacks fought for the North, which helped to shape a different view of blacks in America. Approximately 180,000 blacks fought for the North, which helped to shape a different view of blacks in America.

55. Emancipation in 1863

56. The Southern View of Emancipation

57. Battle of Chancellorsville General Lee won a victory for the south in this battle in North Virginia. Tragically, another popular military leader, General “Stonewall Jackson” was killed by friendly fire.

58. The War in the West, 1863: Vicksburg Vicksburg

59. The Road to Gettysburg: 1863

60. Gettysburg Casualties YouTube - Gettysburg Movie the best part

61. The Gettysburg Address “We here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain—that this nation under God, shall have a new birth of freedom-and that government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish form the earth” - Abraham Lincoln Union War cemetery at Gettysburg 1863 - Abraham Lincoln Union War cemetery at Gettysburg 1863

62. The North Initiates the Draft, 1863

63. Recruiting Irish Immigrants in NYC

64. Recruiting Blacks in NYC

65. NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863) YouT ube - Gang s of New York - Draft Riots

66. NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)

67. A “Pogrom” Against Blacks

68. Inflation in the South

69. The Progress of War: 1861- 1865

70. Sherman’ s “March to the Sea” through Georgia, 1864

71. 1864 Election Pres. Lincoln (R) George McClellan (D)

72. The Peace Movement: Copperheads Clement Vallandigham

73. 1864 Copperhead Campaign Poster

74. Cartoon Lampoons Democratic Copperheads in 1864

75. Presidenti al Election Results: 1864

76. The Final Virginia Campaign: 1864-1865

77. Surrender at Appomattox April 9, 1865

78. Casualties on Both Sides

79. Civil War Casualties in Comparison to Other Wars

80. Ford’s Theater (April 14, 1865)

81. The Assassin John Wilkes Booth

82. The Assassination

83. WANTED~~!!WANTED~~!!

84. Now He Belongs to the Ages!

85. The Execution