1. Family and Parental Leave Yovanna Pineda History Department December 17, 2014

2. Family Leave in the U.S. As of 2011, 178 countries guarantee paid maternity leave under national law. Only three countries offer absolutely no legal guarantee of paid maternity leave: Papua New Guinea, Swaziland, and the United States. Emotional and physical costs to the family In a 2010 survey of registered voters, 76 % endorsed laws providing leave for family care and childbirth, 69 % endorsed paid sick day laws, and 82 % stronger laws against discrimination and unfair treatment at work.

3. Family Leave in the U.S. As of 2011, 178 countries guarantee paid maternity leave under national law. Only three countries offer absolutely no legal guarantee of paid maternity leave: Papua New Guinea, Swaziland, and the United States. Emotional and physical costs to the family. In a 2010 survey of registered U.S. voters, 76 % endorsed laws providing leave for family care and childbirth, 69 % endorsed paid sick day laws, and 82 % stronger laws against discrimination and unfair treatment at work.

4. Family Leave For most women, unpaid leave is not an option. As of 2009, 39 percent of mothers were primary breadwinners, 63 percent co- breadwinners who contributed at least a quarter of family earnings.

5. Women Leaving the Workforce NYTimes: “Why U.S. Women are Leaving Jobs Behind” (12/12/14).

6. University of Central Florida: Survey on Parental Leave Represented Colleges: CAH; COS; Engineering and CS; COPHA; Library; College of Education (All families included) Number of respondents: 15 (Male= 3 ; Female= 12) Number of pregnancies: 16 QuestionsYesNo Not Yet or N/A UCF- google searchUCF-HR UCF- Center for Faculty Women Office Talk of previous parents UFF- UCF/CBASpouseTOTAL Did you know about UCF parental policies when you got pregnant? 1 11 5 (Not initially) 16 How did you find out about them? (Where is the first place you searched?) 15251115 Did you request parental leave? 1 934 16 Did you have any challenging experiences in requesting parental leave? 1 844 15 1. Accounts for multiple pregnancies.

7. 15 RespondentsTOTAL DUTIES & MONETARY 6-8 week paid leave13 No teaching sem13 Tenure Clock Stoppage7 Transparent MID policy4 Telecommuting option2 Reduction in research/service obl.1 1 semester full pay; or 2 semesters 1/2 pay1 CHILDCARE Subsidized childcare5 Childcare grant if Creative School was full5 Benefit of college tuition for dependents4 Conference Child care grant3 Drop-in Daycare1 NO COST ITEMS Offer HR workshops several times per year2 Family Friendly Bathrooms3 Changing tables in UCF bathrooms3 Disable parking for expectant mothers during first trimester (exhaustion, vomitting)3 Attidude shift by the Administration (i.e., say congratulations)3 Family-Friendly, available to all families/individuals(Diverse and Inclusive) Be Diverse and Inclusive (recognize non traditional couples in all policy)1 Dual career policy2 Adoption aid/Adoption coverage2 Providing for ill spouse/parent1 Remove pregnancy penalty2 Note: The answers depended on (1) how well informed the person was and how much they had read about the topic; (2) if they had arrived from another school; (3) if they are active on the job market and seeing what other schools offer as a recruitment package; (4) worked for the Union; (5) personal situation and experience. What respondents would like to see as family- friendly policies at UCF

8. Parental/Family-Friendly Policies State University Paid Parental Leave (6-8 weeks) Modified Instructional Duties (i.e., No Teaching Semester) Telecommuti ng option Tenure Clock Extension Childcare Facilities for faculty Paid Leave for Family Emergencies Employment Assistance for spouses Nursing time and facilities on campus Family Life Website UT AustinXX AutomaticX spaces 374XX X Univ. of Michigan XX Upon request 4 Child Centers Paid subsidized-at- home sick child services Dual career program Univ. of Illinois at Urbana Champaign 2 weeks paidX Upon request XX (State law) University of Oregon XXXUpon request X University of California XX Upon request XX University of South Florida XX Automatic

9. State University Paid Parental Leave (6-8 weeks) Modified Instructional Duties (i.e., No Teaching Semester) Telecommuti ng option Tenure Clock Extension Childcare Facilities for faculty Paid Leave for Family Emergencies Employment Assistance for spouses Nursing time and facilities on campus Family Life Website Florida Atlantic University X X (Adjuncts are expected to replace parent’s courses.) Upon request University of Wyoming X (no teaching semester) Automatic List of approved child centers X University of Arizona Re-assignment of alternative duties Upon request University of Florida X Upon request University of Central Florida* Ad hoc (depends on dept chair; college dean)** Upon request Few spaces at Creative School; students receive priority Five Nursing Centers Facebook site for parents. *SGA at UCF has passed a series of progressive pro-family policies: (1) paid six-week parental leave for graduate students; (2) subsidized childcare grant; (3) $1,000 scholarship for single parents. **The Center for Success of Faculty Women has played a significant role in helping women ask for leave.

10. TOTAL MALE FACULTY 969 TOTAL FEMALE FACULTY 672 Total faculty 1,641 % OF MALE AND FEMALE FACULTY 59.041.0 Gender Inequities at UCF

11. Representative Female and Male Faculty by Rank Colleges of Science, College of Engineering and Computer Sciences, and College of Arts and Humanities (Percent)

12. Gender Inequities Authors Mary Ann Mason, Nicholas H. Wolfinger and Marc Goulden, Do Babies Matter? Gender and Family in the Ivory Tower (2013) found that women chose instructorships or adjunct work to take “time- outs” from work when family-friendly leave policies were not established at an institution. Source: Do Babies Matter?

13. Age GroupNumber of Faculty 21-3030 31-40169 41-50212 51-60209 61+150 Age Group Categories: College of Sciences College of Engineering and Computer Science College of Arts and Humanities No.=770 Current distribution of age groups, fall 2014

14. Why have a Family Leave Policy?: Retention and Productivity Growth Improve life of families at UCF. Family Benefits Funding package: State schools consider it part of faculty retention and productivity program. “Nationally, one study found that 94 percent of leave takers who received full pay during family leave returned to the same employer, compared to 76 percent of employees who took unpaid leave.” “In a study on productivity growth in 19 OECD countries from 1979-2003 found that PPL had a significantly greater positive effect on productivity than unpaid leave. Instituting 15 weeks of paid maternity leave would increase multifactor productivity by 1.1%. “

15. Any Questions?