1. Brain Spinal Cord Nerves Neurons
Nervous System
Brain
Spinal Cord
Nerves
Neurons

2. Neurons

3. Parts of a Neuron Soma – cell body Dendrite – receive messages
Axon – send messages out
Myelin – help speed up messages, made up of Schwann cells

4. Types of Neurons Sensory – incoming signals Motor - movement
Interneurons – in brain and spinal cord only (processors/relay terminals)

5. Neural Connections
Synapse – space between axon of neuron A and dendrite of neuron B
Neurotransmitter – chemicals that diffuse across synapse to change polarity of neuron B’s dendrite membrane

6. Central Nervous System
Brain
Spinal Cord
Control center, coordinates body functions

7. Peripheral Nervous System
Carry messages to and from CNS
Motor and sensory neurons found here.
No interneurons here!

8. Brain Cerebrum Thalamus Corpus Callosum Pituitary Gland Cerebellum
Hypothalamus
Brain Stem: Pons, Midbrain, Medulla Oblongata
Pituitary Gland

9. Autonomic Nervous System
Involuntary
Two divisions
Sympathetic – fight-or-flight responses
Parasympathetic – body at rest

10. Somatic Nervous System
Cranial and spinal nerves
Reflexes – automatic responses to stimuli

11. Senses Chemoreceptors – chemicals Photoreceptors – light
Mechanoreceptors – pressure, vibration

12. Chemoreceptors Taste – taste buds Sweet Salty Bitter Sour
Olfaction - smell

13. Photoreceptors
Vision
Retina
Cones – color
Rods – black & white

14. Mechanoreceptors Hearing – vibration in cochlea
Balance – semicircular canals in ears
Touch – pressure, pain, heat, cold