1. Introduction to Mammals Endotherms Hair or Fur Feed Young with Milk

2. Phylogeny Separated into three groups Prototheria (before gestation) – egg laying mammals Metatheria (middle gestation) – pouched mammals Eutheria (true gestation) – live birth from uterus

3. Milk Produced in mammary glands May have been sweat glands Feed young, increase success

4. Types of teeth Incisors – cutting Canines – can be enlarged, piercing Carnassal – shearing, remove meat from bones Molars - grinding

5. Cardiovascular System Body temperature is internally regulated (endothermic) Heart is 4-chambered High metabolism Heart rate – depends on size of animal (smaller = faster rate)

6. Excretory System Urinary bladder – need more water per day Advanced kidneys – filter more blood

7. Reproductive System Dioecious Highly variable in shape Placental mammals Nonplacental mammals

8. Digestive System Length differs based on diet –Predators short –Herbivores very long –Omnivores medium length