1. Regents Review Forms of Government

2. Democracy Rule by the people Officials are elected by voters Basic rights (civil liberties)- freedom of speech, press, fair trial, freedom from imprisonment without proper cause.

3. Example Athens- citizens could directly participate in the government. By voting on issues in the city state. However, only a small number were citizens (women, foreigners, slaves- not citizens). Established pattern for later democracies.

4. Feudalism Decentralized government (weak central government)- spread out. Wealth determined by land ownership. Strict class structure.

5. Example Europe during Middle Ages Lived on manor. Lord, vassals, knights, serfs. Catholic Church very powerful. Honor code- Chivalry. Japan- 1100’s- Shogun, daimyo, samurai, farmers, merchants and artisans. Code of Bushido Strict class structure.

6. Divine Right Are also absolute monarchs Derive their authority directly from god. Compared to Mandate of Heaven (China).

7. Example Louis XIV “The Sun King” Built Versailles Patronized the arts Engaged in constant warfare

8. Absolutism One ruler with complete power Inherited position Writers/ philosophers- Machiavelli and Hobbes said human nature is bad and need a strong ruler to maintain order.

9. Example Henry VIII (England)- broke away from the Catholic Church. Peter and Catherine The Great (Russia)- sought to expand and westernize.

10. Totalitarianism 20 th century system similar to absolutism. Ruler seizes power Government controls all aspects of your life- education, art, literature.

11. Example Stalin (USSR)- glorification, purges, 5 Year plan. Hitler (Germany)- Nuremberg Laws, Holocaust (genocide). Mussolini (Italy)- censorship Mao (China)- Cultural Revolution