1. Good Practices in England Based on a Report Prepared by Margaret Moodie, ILO Consultant

2. Martin B. Tracy, Ph.D. Social Insurance Research International 1519 Canterbury Drive Murray, Kentucky 42071-3250 mbtracy@murray-ky.net

3. Fundamental Principles  Fully devolved and decentralized.  Designed to promote social inclusion.  Tailored locally to meet needs.  Responsibility of local government through Councils.

4. Legal Provisions  The Children Act 1989.  The National Health Service and Community Care Act 1990.  The Care Standards Act 2000.  Carers and Disabled Children Act 2000.

5. Responsibility of Councils  Identify needs and develop programs.  Purchase service from service provider (NGO, private agency, or Council).  Provide some direct services itself.  Make effective use of limited resources by focusing on those with greatest need.

6. Education and Training Social Workers  Minister of Health responsible for identifying education and training needs.  Strong emphasis on practical application.  Best practice guides.  Register of qualified social workers.

7. Funding  Financed by national government grants, local taxes, and user fees.  75% from government grants.  Government resources go to Councils with most need.

8. Quality Assurance  Standards for providers of services.  Standards for local government as responsible agency.  National Care Standards Commission financed by government funds, but is independent from Ministry of Health.

9. Characteristics of Good Practices  Focus on the user.  Recognition of role of informal care providers.  Multi-agency cooperation. Single point of entry into service system.

10. Characteristics of Good Practices Continued  Inclusion of multiple stakeholders in planning and evaluation of policies and programs.  Evidence of quality and effectiveness.

11. Examples of Good Practices  Save the Children Centers: Family- centered programs similar to German Self-Help.  Assistance for mothers with practical problems of daily living and child rearing, as well as day care.  Vital role in creating networks and re-integration into society.

12. Examples Continued  John Grooms: Charity that provides services for people with disabilities.  Emphasizes “mainstreaming” into normal society and work.