1. PLASTICITY OF FIBER TYPE EXPRESSION OBJECTIVES (I and II) Methodology: Methodology: Electrophysiology: resting Em and action potential Electrophysiology: resting Em and action potential Measurement of ion channel activity Measurement of ion channel activity Source of information Source of information Role of : Role of : Calcineurin Calcineurin nFAT nFAT Nitric oxide (NO) Nitric oxide (NO) NOR-1 NOR-1

2. INTRODUCTION

3. CALCINEURIN CATALYTIC DOMAIN CaM- Binding domain Auto- Inhibitory Domain Calcineurin A (CNA)

4. CALCINEURIN AND NFAT PATHWAY IN B- LYMPHOCYTES

5. CALCINEURIN-NFAT Pathway

6. CALCINEURIN INCREASES mRNA LEVELS FOR MYOGLOBIN, SLOW TnI AND SARCOMERIC MITOCHONDRIAL CREATINE KINASE IN GASTROCNEMIUS MUSCLE

7. CALCINEURIN DECREASES mRNA LEVELS FOR PARVALBUMIN AND MUSCLE CREATINE KINASE IN GASTROCNEMIUS MUSCLE

8. FIRING PATTERNS IN MUSCLE

10. FIRING PATTERNS vs. FORCE-FREQUENCY CURVE IN MUSCLE

11. Ca 2+ TRANSIENT IN SLOW AND FAST FIBERS

12. DISCUSSION

13. ACTIVATION OF NF- Ќ B, JNK1 AND NFAT IN B-LYMPHOCYTES

14. ACTIVATION OF NF- Ќ B, JNK1 AND NFAT IN Ca 2+ spike vs. prolonged elevation

15. ACTIVATION OF NF- Ќ B, JNK1 AND NFAT IN small prolonged elevation of Ca 2+

16. ACTIVATION OF NF- Ќ B, JNK1 AND NFAT IN Ca 2+ dose-response curve

17. MUSCLE OVERLAOD CAUSES A CALCINEURIN DEPENDENT HYPERTROPHY

18. MUSCLE OVERLAOD CAUSES A CALCINEURIN DEPENDENT INCREASE IN TYPE I FIBERS

19. MUSCLE OVERLAOD CAUSES A CALCINEURIN DEPENDENT CHANGE IN mRNA OF MHC AND TnI

20. h

22. h

23. h

25. h

26. h

27. h

28. h

29. h

31. h

32. h

34. h

35. h

36. h