1. Governments
SS7CG4 The student will compare and contrast various forms of government.

2. a. Describe the ways government systems distribute power: unitary, confederation, federal
Unitary: all the power is in one central government
Examples: Saudi Arabia’s monarchy, France, Italy, Japan

3. a. Describe the ways government systems distribute power: unitary, confederation, federal
Confederation: a loose alliance of countries or political units; local governments hold all the power and the central government depends on the local governments
Examples: League of Arab States, Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), British Commonwealth of Nations

4. a. Describe the ways government systems distribute power: unitary, confederation, federal
Federal: power is shared among different levels of government; power is shared between the central government and local governments
Examples: Israel, United States, Canada, Mexico

5. b. Explain how governments determine citizen participation: autocratic, oligarchic, and democratic
Autocratic: the ruler has absolute power; one leader holds complete power; citizens have no participation in the government
Examples: Hitler (Germany), Saudi Arabia’s monarchy, Cuba

6. b. Explain how governments determine citizen participation: autocratic, oligarchic, and democratic
Oligarchy: means “government of the few;” control rests with a small group of people with wealth or power; citizen participation is restricted to the ruling group
Examples: Syria’s ruling political party (Ba’ath Party) controls much of the government
Iran- ruled by a small group of religious and political leaders

7. b. Explain how governments determine citizen participation: autocratic, oligarchic, and democratic
Democratic: the people hold supreme power, citizens choose the leader and/or representatives; all citizens can participate
Examples: United States, Israel

8. c. Describe the two predominant forms of democratic governments: parliamentary and presidential
There are two main forms of democracy. The main difference between the two is the relationship between the legislative and executive branches

9. c. Describe the two predominant forms of democratic governments: parliamentary and presidential
Parliamentary: the legislature controls the power. The legislature makes and carries out laws
The citizens elect representatives to the legislature. The majority party in the legislature then chooses the leader who is usually known as the Prime Minister
Examples: Israel, Great Britain

10. c. Describe the two predominant forms of democratic governments: parliamentary and presidential
Presidential: the executive branch and legislative branches are separate and elected separately by the citizens
The legislature passes the laws and the president sees that the laws are enforced

11. c. Describe the two predominant forms of democratic governments: parliamentary and presidential
One main difference between presidential and parliamentary is that the prime minister is a member of the legislature (parliament) while the president is a separate branch of the government

12. Economies of Southwest Asia (the Middle East)
SS7E5: The student will analyze different economic systems

13. Traditional Economy What to produce?
Basic necessities of life such as food, shelter, and clothing
How to produce?
Farming, building, and sewing for self and others within the tribe
Use natural resources
For whom to produce?
Self, family, and others within the tribe

14. Command Economy What to produce?
Needs of the country according to the government
How to produce?
Through government plans for production
3. For whom to produce?
The government
Used for the country and trade

15. Market Economy What to produce? What the consumer wants
How to produce?
Through industry, farming, mining, etc.
For whom to produce?
The people of the country and to trade with other countries
Supply and demand drives the country’s economy

16. Three types of Trade Barriers
Tariff
tax placed on imported goods
Quota
set number of goods that can be imported from another country
Embargoes
forbid trade with another country
Sanction
Action calculated to force a country to comply with legal responsibility.