1. Innovations in Storage Silo Floor Design and Operation Christopher Toomey FLSmidth Inc.

2. The Plant – British Columbia, Canada

3. Background Information Plant Constructed in 1956 Modernization Commissioned in 1999 – New dry pyro line with 5-stage precalciner – 40,000 tons of clinker storage – New 3,000 tpd cement grinding mill – New 7,500 ton cement storage silo Plant Capacity, Design: 1,000,000 tpy Plant Capacity, Optimized: 1,150,000 tpy

4. Task in 2005 New Storage Required – Cement – Fly ash Required Solution – Meet the design constraints of the plant – Promote corporate sustainability … GO GREEN

5. Cement Silo Design Constraints 10,000 tons Required – Accommodate additional production – Load larger barges in fleet Flexible Discharge Capability – Bulk truck trailers to local market – Railcars to United States – Barges to United States

6. Fly Ash Silo Design Constraints 4,000 tons Required – Accommodate demand of local concrete market Bulk Truck Loading Capability

7. Additional Silo Design Constraints Low Height to Diameter Ratio – Poor site soil conditions Common Foundation for Both Silos – Limited space Complete Silo Extraction (Cleanout) – Avoid cement contamination

8. Promote Corporate Sustainability Minimize Energy Consumption Improve Logistics/Minimize Truck Traffic

9. Silo Ideas Considered Conventional 60 Degree Cone Central Inverted Cone Fully Fluidized Random Flow

10. Conventional 60 Degree Cone Wasted Space Near Bottom of Silo Civil Engineering Considerations

11. Central Inverted Cone High Construction Cost Loss of Storage, Increased Silo Height

12. Fully Fluidized Random Flow Small Aeration Area – Low energy consumption – Smaller venting requirement – Less fluid, denser material discharge Maximum Storage, Lower Height

13. Silo Extraction Design 18.5 kW aeration blower 5.5 kW discharge blower Random selective aeration 1/10 energy consumption versus standard design

14. Silo Extraction Design

15. Cement Silo Aeration

16. Fly Ash Silo Aeration

17. The Result “E” Fly Ash Silo “D” Cement Silo

18. Was the Project Successful?  1/10 th energy consumption  40% more material in each truck  Less air to filter  Better product uniformity  Almost 100% extraction

19. Was the Project Successful – YES! Lower Operating Costs Cleaner Environment