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Muscular System - Diagrams
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Head & Neck Muscles Frontalis: elevate eyebrows
Orbicularis Oculi: close eyelid Zygomaticus: draw angle of lip upward Buccinator: draws cheeks against teeth Orbicularis Oris: closes mouth Platysma: draws lower lip down & back Cranial Aponeurosis: connects frontalis to occipitalis Temporalis: elevates mandible Occipitalis: draws scalp back Masseter: elevates mandible Sternocleidomastoid: Flexes head Draws head toward shoulder
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Head & Neck Muscles
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Muscles of Mastication
Masseter: elevates mandible Temporalis: elevates mandible acts as synergist to masseter Buccinator – holds food between teeth when chewing
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Key Muscles of Facial Expression
Smiling Muscles Orbicularis Oculi Zygomaticus Frowning Muscles Frontalis Orbicularis Oris Platysma
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Anterior Neck/Shoulder Muscles
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Post. Neck/Back Muscles
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Muscles of the Axial Skeleton
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Muscles of the Axial Skeleton
Muscles of Quiet Respiration Diaphragm External Intercostals Internal Intercostals—deep breaths Abdominal Muscles External Obliques Internal Obliques Transverse Abdominus Rectus Abdominus Intrinsic Muscles Erector Spinae: maintain posture of back/extension Spinalis Longissimus Iliocostalis Oblique Muscles: rotation of the vertebrae Semispinalis
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Anterior Muscles of Shoulder
Deltoid Flexion/Extension Abduction /Adduction Internal/External Rotation Pectoralis Major Adduction Flexion Extension Internal Rotation Biceps Brachii—Flexion
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Muscles of Scapular Stabilization
Trapezius: Retraction Elevation Depression Upward Rotation Rhomboid—retraction Levator Scapular—Elevation Pectoralis Major—Protraction Serratus Anterior—Protraction
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Muscles of the Forearm
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Muscles of the Forearm
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Post. Shoulder/Back Muscles
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Posterior Muscles of Shoulder
Teres Major Adduction Extension Internal Rotation Latissimus Dorsi Triceps Brachii
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Rotator Cuff Muscles (SITS)
Teres Minor External Rotation Subscapularis Internal Rotation Supraspinatus Abduction Infraspinatus External Rotation
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Muscles of Hip: Anterior Muscles
Medial/Adductor Muscles: (forms the muscle mass at the medial side of each thigh) Adductor Magnus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Gracilis Anterior Muscles Iliopsoas—prime mover of hip flexion Pectineus— Flexion Adduction Sartorius— Lateral Rotation
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Muscles Of Hip: Anterior Muscles
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Muscles of Hip: Gluteal Muscles
Gluteus Maximus—Hip extension, esp. when climbing stairs or jumping Gluteus Medius— Hip abduction; steady pelvis. Site for injections Gluteus Minimus—Hip abduction Tensor Fasciae Latae— Flexion Abduction ** Gluteus Minimus is under the Gluteus Medius
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Muscles of Anterior Thigh
“Quadriceps” As a group act as powerful knee extensors Rectus Femoris— Hip flexion Knee extension Vastus Lateralis—knee extension Vastus Medialis—knee extension Vastus Intermedius—knee extension Sartorius—most superficial Hip & Knee Flexion - weak Lateral Hip Rotation “cross-legged position” **Vastus Intermedius is beneath Rectus Femoris
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Muscles of Posterior Thigh
“Hamstrings” Butchers use their tendons to hang “hams” for smoking Responsible for Knee Flexion & Hip Extension Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris Gastrocnemius Prime mover for plantar flexion of the foot
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Muscles of the Lower Leg
Anterior Compartment Tibialis Anterior—Dorsiflexion & inversion Extensor Digitorum Longus Fibularis Tertius—dorsiflexion & eversion Posterior Compartment Gastrocnemius—plantar flexion, knee flexion Soleus—plantar flexion Lateral Compartment Fibularis Longus—plantar flexion & eversion Fibularis Brevis—plantar flexion & eversion
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Muscles of the Leg
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Muscles of the Leg
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ANTERIOR MUSCLES OF THE BODY
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POSTERIOR MUSCLES OF THE BODY
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