1. Expansion of Industry
Chapter 14 section 1

2. Main Idea and Key Terms
At the end of the 19th century, natural resources, creative ideas, and growing markets fueled an industrial boom
Edwin Drake
Bessemer Process
Thomas Alva Edison
Christopher Sholes
Alexander Graham Bell

3. Natural Resources Fuel Industrialization
After the Civil War, the U.S. is still very much an agricultural nation
By the 1920’s (60 years later), it had become the leading industrial power in the world
Factors leading to this included
a growing urban population
Cheap labor
New markets
a wealth of natural resources
Government support for business

4. Black Gold
In the 1840’s, Americans began using kerosene to light lamps
In 1859 Edwin L. Drake successfully drills for oil with a steam engine
This oil boom spread to Kentucky, Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, and Texas
Cleveland and Pittsburgh become refinery towns

5. Bessemer
Henry Bessemer (GB) and William Kelly (US) develop the Bessemer process
Removes impurities such as carbon from molten iron to make steel
Cheap and efficient method
Steel
Railroads, barbwire, farm equipment, construction, the Brooklyn Bridge

6. Inventions
Refer to worksheet 1 for this slide

7. Section 2 The Age of Railroads
Main Idea and key Terms – Page 442
The growth and consolidation of railroads benefited the nation but also led to corruption and required government regulation
Transcontinental railroad
George M. Pullman
Credit Mobilier
Munn v. Illinois
Interstate Commerce Act

8. Railroads Span Time and Space
Rails made local transit reliable and westward expansion possible
The government made huge land grants and loans to RR’s to move west
On May 10th, 1869, the Union Pacific and the Central Pacific Railroads met at Promontory Point to complete the county’s first transcontinental railroad

9. A Dose of Reality
All the dreams that came with moving west came on the backs of the railroad employees
Railroads employed immigrants and Civil War vets to lay track
In 1888, the first year of statistics for railroads, reported 2,000 dead and 20,000 injured
Despite the conditions, the trains united the country
Railroad time is soon adopted

10. Opportunity
The growth of the railroads influenced the industries and businesses to grow quickly
Industries Included:
Iron
Coal
Steel
Lumber
Glass
Rails opened new markets, and business boomed!

11. Pullman George Pullman invents sleeper cars for trains
He also created a town to house the employees
Maintained tight control
Cut pay, but not rent
A violent strike was the result
He had the desire to control profit, which often times leads to corruption
Read about Credit Mobilier, The Grange, and the Interstate Commerce Act in your text, pages