1. Maintain Installed Applications

2. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 2 In Ports Tree  / Makefile  COMMENT pkg-descr  WWW pkg-message  Shown after installed files/*

3. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 3 Some Tools in FreeBSD System  pkg_add, pkg_delete, pkg_info  pkg_version summarize installed versions of packages  pkg_create create software package distributions  pkg_updating displaying UPDATING entries of software packages

4. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 4 pkg_version (1)  pkg_version  pkg_version –v  pkg_version –v –L = apr-gdbm-db42 < autoconf = automake = apr-gdbm-db42-1.3.3.1.3.4_1 < needs updating (port has 1.3.8.1.3.9) autoconf-2.62 = up-to-date with port automake-1.10.1 = up-to-date with port automake-1.6.3_1 = up-to-date with port automake-1.9.6_3 = up-to-date with port apr-gdbm-db42-1.3.3.1.3.4_1 < needs updating (port has 1.3.8.1.3.9)

5. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 5 pkg_version (2)  Ports collection index file /usr/ports/INDEX-7  To get new INDEX file cd /usr/ports ; make index(very slow) cd /usr/ports ; make fetchindex(faster, pre-build in server side)  /etc/portsnap.conf # List of INDEX files to build and the DESCRIBE file to use for each INDEX INDEX-5 DESCRIBE.5 INDEX INDEX-6 DESCRIBE.6 INDEX INDEX-7 DESCRIBE.7

6. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 6 pkg_updating (1)  See /usr/ports/UPDATING before upgrading ports  pkg_updating postfix  pkg_updating –d 20090915 postfix 20090919: AFFECTS: users of mail/postfix-postfwd AUTHOR: Sahil Tandon ………………………………………………. 20090605: ………………………… 20050902: AFFECTS: users of mail/postfix-current AUTHOR: marcus@corp.grupos.com.br

7. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 7 pkg_updating (2)  pkg_updating libtool 20090802: The devel/libtool15 and devel/libltdl15 ports have been moved to libtool22 and libltdl22, respectively, then updated to 2.2.6a. You will need to run portmaster or portupgrade to properly perform the upgrade: Portmaster: ----------- portmaster -o devel/libtool22 devel/libtool15 portmaster -o devel/libltdl22 devel/libltdl15 Portupgrade: ------------ portupgrade -o devel/libtool22 libtool-1.5\* portupgrade -o devel/libltdl22 libltdl-1.5\* After that, you will need to rebuild all ports that depend on libltdl. Since all dependent ports' PORTREVISIONs have been bumped, you can run portupgrade or portmaster with '-a' to complete the upgrade.

8. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 8 Useful Tools in ports-mgmt/  portupgrade  portmaster  portconf  pkg_replace  portaudit  pkg_cutleaves  pkg_rmleaves

9. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 9 portupgrade (1)  FreeBSD ports/packages administration and management tool suite  Useful options: -a, -R, -r, -N, -f, -n  Other useful commands portinstall = portupgrade -N portversion  Similar to pkg_version  It check version info stores in /usr/ports/INDEX-7.db (built from INDEX-7) pkg_deinstall pkgdb portsdb

10. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 10 portupgrade (2)  Written by ruby  Create its own database for dependency checking  Preserve old shared libraries  Config: /usr/local/etc/pkgtools.conf Only available when using portupgrade Use portconf, instead.  It is such a useful tool…  But slow.

11. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 11 portmaster (1)  Manage your ports without external databases or languages Update the port whether there is a new version for it or not. Recurse through the port and all of its dependencies (if any) to handle any port.  Useful options: -B: prevents creation of the backup package for the installed port -D: no cleaning of distfiles -t: recurse dependencies thoroughly, using all-depends-list -w: save old shared libraries before deinstall -u: unattended mode -- accept defaults for all but ‘make config’ -a: check all ports, update as necessary -x: avoid building or updating ports that match this pattern

12. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 12 portmaster (2)  Useful options: [-R] -f : always rebuild ports [-R] -r: rebuild the specified port, and all ports that depend on it -R: restart an update, skipping ports already up to date. -L list all installed ports by category, and search for updates -n: run through configure, but do not make or install any ports  Config: /usr/local/etc/portmaster.rc

13. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 13 portconf  A universal tool to set specific port knobs  Write something in /etc/make.conf  Config: /usr/local/etc/ports.conf  files/pkg-message.in # this is a comment *: NOPORTDOCS editors/openoffice.org-2: WITH_CCACHE | LOCALIZED_LANG=it print/ghostscript-* print/lpr-wrapper: A4 sysutils/fusefs-kmod*: !KERNCONF | !NOPORTDOCS www/firefox-i18n: WITHOUT_SWITCHER | FIREFOX_I18N=fr it x11/fakeport: CONFIGURE_ARGS=--with-modules="aaa bbb ccc"

14. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 14 pkg_replace  A utility for upgrading installed packages compatible with portupgrade and can be used as an alternative to portupgrade and portmaster.  In ports: 0.8.0  In sourceforge page: 0.9.0(RC2)  Support binary package installation

15. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 15 portaudit (1)  portaudit Checks installed ports against a list of security vulnerabilities portaudit –Fda  -F: Fetch the current database from the FreeBSD servers.  -d: Print the creation date of the database.  -a: Print a vulnerability report for all installed packages.  Security Output

16. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 16 portaudit (2)  portaudit -Fda auditfile.tbz 100% of 58 kB 38 kBps New database installed. Database created: Tue Nov 17 16:50:00 CST 2009 Affected package: libpurple-2.5.8 Type of problem: pidgin -- MSN overflow parsing SLP messages. Reference: Affected package: finch-2.5.8 Type of problem: pidgin -- MSN overflow parsing SLP messages. Reference: 2 problem(s) in your installed packages found. You are advised to update or deinstall the affected package(s) immediately.

17. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 17 pkg_cutleaves  pkg_cutleaves Interactive script for deinstalling “leaf” packages Use a lot of commands supported by portupgrade  pkg_rmleaves Interactive script for deinstalling “leaf” packages Once the packages marked for removal have been flushed/deinstalled, you'll be asked if you want to do another run. -l: List leaf packages only, one per line, and don't ask for anything to be deinstalled.

18. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 18 Trouble Shooting (1)  See the error message. *** Error code 1 Stop in /usr/src/gnu/usr.bin/cc/cc_int. *** Error code 1 Stop in /usr/src/gnu/usr.bin/cc. *** Error code 1 Stop in /usr/src. *** Error code 1 Stop in /usr/src. *** Error code 1 Stop in /usr/src.

19. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 19 Trouble Shooting (2)  Try to recognize why the error occurs. The depending libraries are too old? Patch error? Configure error? Compile error?  What can I do? Update your ports tree Upgrade the libraries Try again Google it