1. Earth

2. Water & Land
Earth is made up of 70% water (hydrosphere) & 30% land (lithosphere).
Tallest point on earth is Mount Everest in Asia standing 29,028 ft. above sea level
Lowest is the shore of the Dead Sea 1,312 ft. below sea level

3. Earth’s Structure Composed of 3 layers:
1- Crust= Outer layer only 3-30 miles deep, land includes the continents that float on lava from the upper mantle
2: Mantle= largest layer of earth made mostly of dense hot rock.
3: Outer/Inner Core
A. Outer core= begins 1,800 miles below the surface & made of melted iron & magnesium.
B. Inner core= begins 4,000 miles below the surface & made of solid iron & nickel.

5. Shaping/Moving Earth Do the Continents move & if so how do they move?
Continents sit on top of plates that are floating on the magma of the upper mantle.
Movement of the plates can have different effects on the earth.
A. Spread Apart= causes melted rock to form ridges
B. Slide past each other= Forming a trench
C. Bump together= forming mountains
When the plate’s movement happens, this causes an earthquake.

6. Shaping/Moving Earth

7. Shaping/Moving Earth

8. Shaping/Moving Earth
How safe are we from a major earthquake?

10. Haiti Earthquake The quake struck on January 12, 2010 at 4:53 p.m.
The 7.0 magnitude quake's epicenter hit just 10 miles west of Porte-au-Prince & its 2 million inhabitants
Happened when the Caribbean Plate & the NA Plate slid & compressed against each other.

11. Haiti Fast Facts Population of nearly 10 million people.
Haiti is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere.
80% of the population in Haiti is living under the poverty line.
Most Haitians live on less than $2 a day.
Haiti has no real construction standards.
Death toll from the quake is around 100, ,000

13. Shaping/Moving Earth
External forces that cause the earth to be shaped are
1. Weathering- the breaking down of earth’s rocks, solids, & minerals.
2 Types: Chemical & Physical
2.Erosion- the wearing away of the earth’s surface by wind & water.

14. Landforms
7 continents
N & S America located in the Western Hemisphere.
Antarctica is located in both E & W hemispheres
Asia is the LARGEST
Australia is the smallest.
Europe & Africa are mostly in the eastern hemisphere.

15. Major Landforms
Landforms are very different across earth.
4 major kinds
1. Mountains- have steep slopes & have some kind of peak or summit. Highest landforms on earth.
2.Hills- more rounded than a Mt.
3. Plateau- higher than the surrounding land & usually least 1 steep side.
4. Plains- gently rolling or flat lands.

16. Earth’s Resources
Natural Resources- Elements from the earth that aren’t made by people but used by them.
Important cause they support & assist human life.
Minerals- substances from earth not made of living things. (aluminum, gold, kaolin etc.)
Fossil Fuels- formed from the remains of plants & animals

17. Their Value Don’t have the same value all over the world.
What things influence the value of resources?
1. Supply- depending on location affects the value.
Where there is a small supply of something, its usually given a greater value.
The value of a resource can change

18. Distribution of Resources
Can have great effect on how countries relate w/ each other.
Resources aren’t evenly distributed throughout the world.
When countries need or desire a certain type of resource they trade w/ other countries.
Imports- goods brought in from another country.
Exports- goods sent from one country.
Many times throughout history, the uneven distribution of natural resources has caused conflict btw countries.